Efecto de la institucionalidad sobre la presión tributaria: análisis a nivel departamental para Perú
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Advisors
Lengua Lafosse, Gloria PatriciaIssue Date
2026-01-10Keywords
Presión tributariaInstitucionalidad|Corrupción
Recaudación fiscal
Tax pressure
Institutionalization
Corruption
Tax collection
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The effect of institutionalization on tax pressure: a departmental analysis for PeruAbstract
Esta investigación analiza el efecto de la institucionalidad sobre la presión tributaria a nivel departamental en el Perú durante el período 2010-2021. El estudio busca responder en qué medida las diferencias institucionales explican las brechas de recaudación entre departamentos. La evidencia en base a la literatura y hechos estilizados muestran que las variables institucionales tienen una relación con la presión tributaria. Un mayor nivel institucional —en el pilar institucional del INCORE— incrementa la disposición al cumplimiento tributario, mientras que el incremento de la percepción de corrupción está asociado con mayores ingresos bajo la lógica de grease the wheels. Estos hallazgos subrayan la importancia de instituciones sólidas y confiables para garantizar la sostenibilidad de la recaudación fiscal y reducir desigualdades territoriales. De igual forma la corrupción, aunque indeseable, ayuda a incrementar transacciones en la economía que permiten incrementar la presión tributaria. Se concluye que comprender el vínculo entre institucionalidad y capacidad recaudatoria resulta clave tanto para el diseño de políticas públicas como para el fortalecimiento de la gobernanza fiscal en el país.This research analyzes the effect of institutional structures on tax pressure at the departmental level in Peru during the period 2010-2021. The study seeks to answer the extent to which institutional differences explain the revenue gaps between departments. Evidence based on literature and stylized data shows that institutional variables are related to tax pressure. A higher institutional level—in the INCORE institutional pillar—increases willingness to comply with taxes, while increased perceptions of corruption are associated with higher incomes under the grease-the-wheels logic. These findings underscore the importance of strong and trustworthy institutions to ensure the sustainability of tax collection and reduce territorial inequalities. Likewise, corruption, although undesirable, helps increase transactions in the economy that allow for increased tax pressure. It is concluded that understanding the link between institutional structures and revenue collection capacity is key both for the design of public policies and for strengthening fiscal governance in the country.
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