Influencia sísmica en vigas postensadas no adheridas para mejorar su desempeño sismorresistente en un edificio de oficinas en Lima
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Advisors
Vargas Bejarano, Cesar IsidoroIssue Date
2026-01-12Keywords
Vigas postensadasDuctilidad
Diseño sísmico
Diseño basado en desempeño
Seismic design
Post-tensioning beams
Ductility
Performance-based seismic design
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Seismic Influence on Unbonded Post-Tensioned Beams to Improve Their Seismic Performance in an Office Building in LimaAbstract
En el Perú, el concreto armado es el material predominante en el diseño de estructuras sismorresistentes. Sin embargo, presenta limitaciones arquitectónicas, económicas y de durabilidad, además de problemas de servicialidad como deflexiones excesivas y agrietamientos. Para mitigar estas deficiencias, los elementos presforzados, como vigas y losas postensadas, ofrecen ventajas significativas. No obstante, su diseño actual solo considera cargas gravitacionales, sin asignarles responsabilidad sismorresistente, ya que las columnas y muros de corte asumen la totalidad de las fuerzas sísmicas. Por ello, esta investigación comparará dos edificaciones de 5 niveles, una con concreto armado convencional y otra con vigas postensadas no adheridas, implementando criterios normativos extranjeros para evaluar si pueden lograr un desempeño sísmico aceptable o mejorado. Mediante un Análisis Estático No Lineal, se obtendrá la Curva de Capacidad de ambas estructuras, permitiendo analizar su sobrerresistencia y ductilidad a nivel global y verificando la viabilidad del postensado dentro del sistema sismorresistente. Los resultados más resaltantes son, desde un punto de vista cuantitativo, la ductilidad estructural mejoró considerablemente con el uso de vigas postensadas, aumentando en un 72.41% en los pórticos X-X (de 2.90 a 5.00) y en un 42.83% en los muros Y-Y (de 6.28 a 8.97). No obstante, se observó una reducción en la sobrerresistencia, disminuyendo en un 20.00% en los pórticos X-X (de 1.35 a 1.08) y en un 22.40% en los muros Y-Y (de 1.25 a 0.97).In Peru, reinforced concrete is the predominant material in the design of earthquake-resistant structures. However, it presents architectural, economic, and durability limitations, as well as serviceability issues such as excessive deflections and cracking. To mitigate these deficiencies, prestressed elements, such as post-tensioned beams and slabs, offer significant advantages. Nevertheless, their current design only considers gravity loads, without assigning them seismic resistance responsibilities, as columns and shear walls absorb all the seismic forces. Therefore, this research will compare two five-story buildings, one with conventional reinforced concrete and another with unbonded post-tensioned beams, implementing foreign design codes to assess whether they can achieve an acceptable or improved seismic performance. Through a Nonlinear Static Analysis, the Capacity Curve of both structures will be obtained, allowing for an evaluation of their overstrength and ductility at a global level, while verifying the feasibility of post-tensioning within seismic-resistant systems. The most significant quantitative results indicate that structural ductility considerably improved with the use of post-tensioned beams, increasing by 72.41% in X-X frames (from 2.90 to 5.00) and by 42.83% in Y-Y walls (from 6.28 to 8.97). However, a reduction in overstrength was observed, decreasing by 20.00% in X-X frames (from 1.35 to 1.08) and by 22.40% in Y-Y walls (from 1.25 to 0.97).
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