Límites del Principio de Confianza en el Delito de Lavado de Activos en la Casación 86-2021/Lima
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Advisors
Jiménez Bernales, Juan CarlosIssue Date
2025-06-16Keywords
Principio de confianzaLavado de activos
Imputación objetiva
Ignorancia deliberada
Excepción de improcedencia de acción
Principle of trust
Money laundering
Objective imputation
Willful blindness
Motion for lack of cause of action
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Show full item recordAbstract
El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como propósito analizar la sentencia de Casación 86-2021/Lima. Analizaremos la excepción de improcedencia de acción presentada por Néstor Antonio Costa López, acusado de lavado de activos en las modalidades de ocultamiento, transferencia y conversión, así como en calidad de integrante de una organización criminal. Los hechos imputados por el Ministerio Público se centran en la recepción de una transferencia de 300,000 soles de su padre, Costa Alva, proveniente de honorarios profesionales obtenidos en un proceso contencioso administrativo previsional, presuntamente ilícitos debido a un delito previo de cohecho activo. Además, se le atribuye a Costa López la realización de actos posteriores, como la amortización de un préstamo hipotecario y la compra de vehículos a través de la empresa familiar "Hermanos Costa López Tours" S.A.C., de la cual era representante legal. La Corte Suprema, en su fallo del 22 de noviembre de 2021, declara fundado el recurso de casación, revoca el auto de primera instancia que había desestimado la excepción de improcedencia de acción y sobresee el proceso penal contra Costa López. La decisión se basa en la correcta aplicación del principio de confianza, concluyendo que no existían circunstancias objetivas que permitieran a Costa López sospechar la ilicitud de los fondos recibidos, y que actuó dentro de los límites del riesgo permitido.This research aims to analyze Cassation Ruling No. 86-2021/Lima. It examines the exception of inadmissibility of action filed by Néstor Antonio Costa López, who was charged with the offense of money laundering in the forms of concealment, transfer, and conversion, as well as for his alleged participation as a member of a criminal organization. The charges brought by the Public Prosecutor’s Office focus on the receipt of a transfer amounting to 300 000 soles from his father, Costa Alva, originating from professional fees obtained in an administrative contentious proceeding related to pension matters, which were allegedly illicit due to a prior offense of active bribery. Furthermore, Costa López was accused of having carried out subsequent acts, such as the amortization of a mortgage loan and the purchase of vehicles through the family business "Hermanos Costa López Tours" S.A.C., in which he acted as legal representative. In its ruling dated November 22, 2021, the Supreme Court upheld the cassation appeal, overturned the lower court’s resolution that had rejected the exception of inadmissibility of action, and ordered the dismissal of the criminal proceedings against Costa López. The decision was based on the correct application of the principle of trust, concluding that there were no objective circumstances that could have led Costa López to suspect the illicit origin of the funds received, and that he acted within the bounds of legally permissible risk.
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