Alcances de la Libertad Anticipada por Deterioro de la Salud Física y/o Mental del Condenado
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Issue Date
2025-06-07Keywords
Derecho procesal penalLibertad anticipada
Salud física y mental del condenado
Alcances
Criminal procedural law
Early release
Physical and mental health of the convicted person
Scope
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Scope of early release due to deterioration of the physical and/or mental health of the convicted personAbstract
El presente Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional tiene por tema los alcances de la libertad anticipada por deterioro de la salud física y/o mental del condenado, el cual es materia de estudio en el derecho procesal penal; y, cuyo objetivo es analizar la libertad anticipada como figura del Código Procesal Penal y confrontar si, efectivamente, es una medida idónea aplicable frente a los casos del deterioro físico y/o mental del condenado. Para tales efectos, se tomará como base los argumentos expuestos por el Tribunal Constitucional en la Sentencia N° 330/2024 del Expediente N° 02533-2023-PHC/TC, donde propone y exhorta al Poder Judicial aplicar la libertad anticipada como una medida idónea frente al deterioro físico y mental del condenado. El presente trabajo parte del resumen del caso, los principales fundamentos del voto en mayoría y singulares de los magistrados del Tribunal Constitucional acompañado de un análisis crítico. Posteriormente, se utilizarán artículos de revistas jurídicas, capítulos de libros impresos, sentencias de salas penales y del Tribunal Constitucional, casaciones y acuerdos plenarios para definir las instituciones y temas que permitan exponer nuestra posición. Finalmente, concluimos que no es acertada la propuesta del Tribunal Constitucional, por la falta de profundización de la jurisprudencia y que para que sea idónea debe ser regulada por una norma material, considerando tanto las instituciones del sistema jurídico, como los beneficios penitenciarios y gracias presidenciales que pudieron ser aplicados al caso en concreto.This Professional Competence Thesis addresses the scope of early release due to the deterioration of the convicted person's physical and/or mental health, a subject of study in criminal procedural law. Its objective is to analyze early release as a provision of the Criminal Procedure Code and to examine whether it is, in fact, an appropriate measure applicable to cases of physical and/or mental deterioration of the convicted person. For these purposes, the arguments presented by the Constitutional Court in Ruling No. 330/2024 of Case No. 02533-2023-PHC/TC will be used as a basis, proposing and urging the Judiciary to apply early release as an appropriate measure to address the physical and mental deterioration of the convicted person. This thesis begins with a summary of the case, the main grounds for the majority and individual votes of the Constitutional Court judges, and a critical analysis. Subsequently, we will use articles from law journals, chapters from printed books, rulings from criminal chambers and the Constitutional Court, cassation decisions, and plenary resolutions to define the institutions and issues that allow us to present our position. Finally, we conclude that the Constitutional Court's proposal is not appropriate due to the lack of in-depth jurisprudence and that, to be appropriate, it must be regulated by a substantive rule, considering both the institutions of the legal system and the prison benefits and presidential pardons that could have been applied to the specific case.
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