El impacto de los Conflictos Sociales en el Turismo, a nivel provincial en el Perú entre julio de 2021 a diciembre de 2023
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Advisors
Huaroto De La Cruz, CesarIssue Date
2025-06-11Keywords
TurismoConflictos sociales
Protestas
Modelos econométricos
Panel data
Diferencias en diferencias Tourism
Social conflicts
Protests
Econometric models
Panel data
Differences-in-differences
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"The Impact of Social Conflicts on Tourism at the Provincial Level in Peru between July 2021 and December 2023"DOI
http://doi.org/10.19083/tesis/685469Abstract
El presente trabajo tuvo como propósito evaluar el impacto de los conflictos sociales sobre el turismo a nivel provincial en el Perú en el período comprendido entre julio de 2021 y diciembre de 2023. La hipótesis planteada es que los conflictos sociales, medidos a través de protestas, tuvieron un efecto negativo en la actividad turística en el período previamente mencionado. En ese sentido y, utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, se construyó un indicador de turismo mediante el análisis de componentes principales a partir de tres variables: arribos a centros de hospedaje, empleo en centros de hospedaje y pernoctaciones en centros de hospedaje. Como variable de conflictos sociales se utilizó el número de protestas registradas mensualmente por la base de datos obtenida del Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Proyect (ACLED). Asimismo, el análisis econométrico se sustentó a través de cuatro modelos: Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinario (MCO), Diferencias en Diferencias (DiD), Two Way Fixed Effects (TWFE) y Variables Instrumentales (IV). Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron una relación negativa y estadísticamente significativa entre los conflictos sociales y la actividad turística. En particular, los modelos MCO e IV registraron que un aumento en el número de protestas se encuentra asociado con una reducción de hasta 1.5% del indicador del turismo. Se concluyó que las protestas ocurridas en diciembre de 2022 debido al estallido social impactaron negativamente en el sector turístico, por lo que se confirmó la hipótesis planteada.The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of social conflicts on tourism at the provincial level in Peru during the period from July 2021 to December 2023. The hypothesis posed is that social conflicts, measured through protests, had a negative effect on tourism activity in the aforementioned period. In that sense, and using a quantitative approach, a tourism indicator was constructed through principal component analysis based on three variables: arrivals at lodging establishments, employment in lodging establishments, and overnight stays in lodging establishments. As a variable for social conflicts, the number of protests registered monthly by the database obtained from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) was used. Likewise, the econometric analysis was supported by four models: Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Differences-in-Differences (DiD), Two-Way Fixed Effects (TWFE), and Instrumental Variables (IV). The results obtained showed a negative and statistically significant relationship between social conflicts and tourism activity. In particular, the OLS and IV models recorded that an increase in the number of protests is associated with a reduction of up to 1.5% in the tourism indicator. It was concluded that the protests that occurred in December 2022 due to the social outbreak had a negative impact on the tourism sector, thus confirming the hypothesis posed.
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http://doi.org/10.19083/tesis/685469
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