Propuesta de mejora de la eficiencia en la cadena de suministro aumentando el OTIF mediante MRP, Kanban y JIT en una empresa del sector plástico

Abstract

En los últimos cinco años, la demanda de los plásticos de un solo uso ha experimentado un crecimiento sostenido, registrando un incremento del 5.5% en su producción durante 2024. No obstante, este aumento ha venido acompañado de deficiencias en la gestión de materiales y en la planificación de compras, lo que ha generado desbalances en los inventarios, sobrecostos operativos y tiempos improductivos que afectan la competitividad empresarial. Frente a este escenario, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo elevar la eficiencia de la cadena de suministro (OTIF) del 85.84% al 95% y mejorar la eficiencia productiva en una pyme del sector plástico en Lima.

In the last five years, the demand for single-use plastics has experienced sustained growth, registering a 5.5% increase in production during 2024. However, this increase has been accompanied by deficiencies in materials management and purchasing planning, which has led to inventory imbalances, operating cost overruns and unproductive times that affect business competitiveness. In view of this scenario., the objective of this research is to increase the efficiency of the supply chain (OTIF) from 85.84% to 95% and to improve production efficiency in an SME in the plastics sector in Lima.

The first chapter contextualizes the situation of the sector and develops the theoretical framework, detailing the industrial engineering tools used to address the root causes of the identified problem. In the second chapter, a quantitative analysis is carried out, revealing that the main problem generates an economic impact of 16.50% of the annual turnover. The third chapter is oriented to the formulation of the technical proposal, in which the selected tools are linked to the root causes identified, and the budget, measurement indicators and implementation schedule are also presented. Finally, the fourth chapter validates the proposed model through a pilot test with a prototype, overcoming the technical gap of 9.16%. It also includes the economic validation, the non-economic impacts, as well as the presentation of conclusions and recommendations of the study.