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Detección del virus mayaro, Dengue y SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes febriles en el contexto de la pandemia en una región endémica del Perú

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Authors
Díaz Armas, Gonzalo Alonso
Advisors
Del Valle Mendoza, Juana
Aguilar Luis, Miguel Angel
Bazán Mayra, Jorge Enrique
Issue Date
2025-01-21
Keywords
Febril
Mayaro
Dengue
SARS-CoV-2
Coinfección
PCR
ELISA
Febrile
Mayaro
Dengue
SARS-CoV-2
Coinfection
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Other Titles
Identification of Mayaro, Dengue and SARS-CoV-2 virus in febrile patients during the pandemic in an endemic region of Peru
Publisher
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10757/684175
DOI
http://doi.org/10.19083/tesis/684175
Additional Links
https://audio.com/raupc/audio/16598
Abstract
Los arbovirus, como agentes etiológicos de la enfermedad febril aguda (AFI), representan una preocupación emergente en las últimas décadas. Debido al amplio espectro etiológico de AFI y la sintomatología compartida, la correcta identificación de los patógenos es crucial en zonas endémicas. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la prevalencia y caracterizar molecular e inmunológicamente a MAYV, DENV y SARS-CoV-2 en muestras de pacientes con síndrome febril provenientes de Jaén - Cajamarca durante el periodo 2020-2021. Para ello se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo. Se utilizó la prueba molecular de Retrotranscripción seguida de Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (RT-PCR) y la detección del anticuerpo IgM mediante la técnica de ELISA. Se identificó que 12.3% de casos (55/446) fueron MAYV positivo, 23.8% (106/446) DENV positivo y el 38.8% (173/446) SARS-CoV-2 positivo. De los positivos para Mayaro, 12/55 tuvieron coinfección con DENV, y 21/55 con SARS-CoV-2. La sintomatología más frecuente fue la cefalea en 90% de los casos, y se consideró que los síntomas con una asociación estadísticamente significativa para MAYV, DENV y SARS-CoV-2 fueron el vómito, la mialgia y el rash cutáneo respectivamente. El mayor número de casos se presentó en el mes de enero (23.1%), seguido de febrero (20%) del 2021. Por último, el estudio refleja que MAYV es un patógeno con transmisión continua a lo largo del tiempo, y cuya presencia puede superponerse a otras arbovirosis e incluso SARS-CoV-2, pero mantiene una relevancia creciente ante la posibilidad de expansión en zonas urbanas.
Arboviruses, as etiological agents of acute febrile illness (AFI), represent an emerging public health concern in recent decades. Due to the broad etiological spectrum of AFI with shared symptomatology, the correct identification of their potential pathogens is crucial in endemic areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and laboratorial characterization of the infectious agents MAYV, DENV, and SARS-CoV-2 in samples from patients with febrile syndrome proceding from Jaén - Cajamarca during the period 2020-2021. For this purpose, an observational, descriptive and prospective study was conducted. The presence of the aforementioned pathogens was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and by IgM antibody detection using the ELISA test. It was identified that 55 out of 446 patients were MAYV positive (12.3%), 106 out of 446 were DENV positive (23.8%), and 173 out of 446 were SARS-CoV-2 positive (38.8%). Among MAYV positive patients, 12 out of 55 had a coinfection with DENV, and 21 out of 55 with SARS-CoV-2. The most frequently reported symptom was cephalea by 90% of patients; and vomiting, myalgia and skin rash were considered symptoms with a statistically significant association with MAYV, DENV, and SARS-CoV-2 positive cases, respectively. The highest presentation of cases occurred in the months of January (23.1%), followed by February (20%) of 2021. Finally, the study reflects that MAYV is a pathogen with continuous transmission over time, its presence can overlap with other arboviruses and even SARS-CoV-2, and it maintains growing relevance given the possibility of expansion into urban areas.
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
Language
spa
Description
Posible publicación en revistas indexadas
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http://doi.org/10.19083/tesis/684175
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