Experiencia de abuso emocional en la relación entrenador-atleta en gimnastas retiradas de alto rendimiento de Lima Metropolitana
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Authors
Napán Jara, Fátima DanielaAdvisors
Malvaceda Espinoza, Eli LeonardoIssue Date
2024-11-07Keywords
Abuso emocionalExperiencia
Atletas
Alto rendimiento
Emotional abuse
Experience
Athletes
High performance
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Experience of emotional abuse in the coach-athlete relationship in high-performance retired gymnasts from Lima MetropolitanaAdditional Links
https://audio.com/raupc/audio/15610Abstract
El deporte de élite contiene múltiples aristas de análisis, aunque poco se han estudiado los escenarios internos de la violencia entre los participantes principales. El abuso se encuentra presente en todos los deportes y con mayor incidencia cuando se alcanzan niveles de elite. Así pues, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir la experiencia de abuso emocional en la relación entrenador-atleta en gimnastas retiradas de alto rendimiento de Lima Metropolitana. Para ello, se realizó un estudio cualitativo de diseño fenomenológico interpretativo. Se entrevistó a ocho personas, quienes fueron ex deportistas mujeres de entre 20 y 29 años de edad. Los resultados expresan las características del contexto del alto rendimiento deportivo en el que se generó la experiencia, las vivencias en relación al abuso emocional como tal y las consecuencias que se experimentaron a través de ellas. Además, se aporta información sobre las características de la relación de poder entre el entrenador y la atleta, los factores que sostienen dicha relación y finalmente la perspectiva actual que tienen las gimnastas sobre lo vivido. Se concluye que, la experiencia de las participantes obedece a la interiorización de las características y contexto de la gimnasia de alto rendimiento, ello las conduce a una relación junto a su entrenador en la que se gestan conductas que comparten elementos con la definición de abuso emocional utilizada. Sin embargo, la amplitud de la experiencia permite que las participantes conserven gratitud hacia algunos de los entrenadores o vivencias.Elite sport contains multiple aspects of analysis, although little has been studied about the internal scenarios of violence between the main participants. Abuse is present in all sports and with a higher incidence when elite levels are reached. Thus, the present research aims to describe the experience of emotional abuse in the coach-athlete relationship in retired high-performance gymnasts from Metropolitan Lima. To this end, a qualitative study with an interpretive phenomenological design was carried out. Eight people were interviewed, who were former female athletes between 20 and 29 years of age. The results express the characteristics of the context of high sports performance in which the experience was generated, the experiences in relation to emotional abuse as such and the consequences that were experienced through them. In addition, information is provided about the characteristics of the power relationship between the coach and the athlete, the factors that sustain said relationship and finally the current perspective that the gymnasts have about what they experienced. It is concluded that the participants' experience is due to the internalization of the characteristics and context of high-performance gymnastics, which leads them to a relationship with their coach in which behaviors are developed that share elements with the definition of emotional abuse. used. However, the breadth of the experience allows the participants to retain gratitude towards some of the coaches or experiences.
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