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dc.contributor.authorChirinos-Peinado, Doris
dc.contributor.authorCastro-Bedriñana, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorBarnes, Eustace P.G.
dc.contributor.authorRíos-Ríos, Elva
dc.contributor.authorGarcía-Olarte, Edgar
dc.contributor.authorCastro-Chirinos, Gianfranco
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T18:29:22Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T18:29:22Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-01
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/toxics12050308
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/675911
dc.description.abstractThis study investigated lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) transfer in three dairy farming areas in the Mantaro river headwaters in the central Peruvian Andes and at varying distances from the mining complex at La Oroya. At each of these sites, the transfer of trace metals from the soil to raw milk was estimated, and a hazard assessment for lead and cadmium was carried out in scenarios of minimum, average, and maximum milk consumption in a Peruvian population aged 2–85. Pb and Cd were quantified by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Significantly, the concentrations of lead and cadmium were found to exceed the maximum limits recommended by the World Health Organization, with a positive geospatial trend correlated with the distance from mining activity. Both Pb and Cd were found to be transferred through the soil–pasture–milk pathway, with the primary source of Cd being phosphate-based fertilizers used in pasture improvement. Pb was found to be the most significant contributor to the Hazard Index (HI) with those under 19 years of age and over 60 recording an HI of >1, with infants being the most vulnerable group due to their greater milk consumption in relation to their body weight. A marginal increase in contamination was observed in the dry season, indicating the need for studies to be expanded over several annual cycles.es_PE
dc.formatapplication/pdfes_PE
dc.language.isoenges_PE
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)es_PE
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesses_PE
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.sourceUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)es_PE
dc.sourceRepositorio Academico - UPCes_PE
dc.subjectcontaminated food chaines_PE
dc.subjectfood toxicologyes_PE
dc.subjectheavy metalses_PE
dc.subjectpotential riskes_PE
dc.subjectraw milkes_PE
dc.subjecttarget hazard quotientes_PE
dc.titleAssessing the Health Risk and Trophic Transfer of Lead and Cadmium in Dairy Farming Systems in the Mantaro Catchment, Central Andes of Perues_PE
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlees_PE
dc.identifier.eissn23056304
dc.identifier.journalToxicses_PE
dc.identifier.eid2-s2.0-85194166581
dc.identifier.scopusidSCOPUS_ID:85194166581
dc.source.journaltitleToxics
dc.source.volume12
dc.source.issue5
refterms.dateFOA2024-09-29T18:29:24Z
dc.identifier.isni0000 0001 2196 144X


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