• Frequency of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Barboza, Joshuan J.; Siddiq, Abdelmonem; Aguirre-Milachay, Edwin; Quispe-Vicuña, Carlos; Sah, Ranjit; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Adhikari, Suraj; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Ricardo-Martínez, Alex; Morales-Ramos, Jorge Guillermo; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J. (BioMed Central Ltd, 2024-12-01)

  Background: Toxoplasmosis is a chronic protozoan parasitic infection that affects nearly one-third of the global population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, cases were observed in patients with COVID-19 and toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii exposure in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A literature search was conducted in six databases or search tools (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) until March 3, 2024. Study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction were performed independently by three investigators. Statistical analysis was performed using R version 4.3, applying a random-effects model. The quality of the included observational studies was assessed using the “JBI-MAStARI”. Results: A total of 5,936 studies were retrieved, 13 of which were included in the final meta-analysis. The sample included a total of 2,947 patients with COVID-19 from four countries, of whom approximately 43.3% were men and 49.4% were women. Among the patients, 1,323 showed evidence of exposure to T. gondii through IgG detection, while 1,302 COVID-19 patients were explicitly examined for T. gondii by IgM detection, and 36 positive cases were identified. The frequency of exposure to T. gondii, determined by the presence of IgG in patients with COVID-19, reached 49% (95% CI: 34–63%; 2,947 participants; 13 studies; I2 = 98%, p < 0.01). In addition, the frequency of exposure to T. gondii, evaluated by IgM presence in patients with COVID-19, was 2% (95% CI: 0–6%; 1,302 participants; 6 studies; I2 = 94%, p < 0.01). Conclusion: It was shown that almost half of COVID-19 patients had previous exposure to T. gondii through the presence of IgG, and a small percentage, 2%, showed active infection through IgM detection. Although the results indicate a possible correlation between exposure to T. gondii and the presence of COVID-19, it is essential to note that this study is based on observational research, which precludes establishing a causal relationship. Consequently, further research is required to deepen understanding of the interaction between the two conditions. Terms used: The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI), Prospective International Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

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• Laser gingivectomy for maintaining periodontal health in fixed orthodontic patients: a systematic review

  Zeballos, Blacker Kevin Caracela; Rubina, Yalina Nataly Alegre; Meza-Mauricio, Jonathan; Cafferata, Emilio A.; Vergara-Buenaventura, Andrea (Springer International Publishing, 2024-12-01)

  Objective: This systematic review evaluates the effect of laser gingivectomy on the improvement of periodontal health parameters in patients with gingival enlargement due to fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and methods: A systematic review was conducted in 3 databases without language or date restrictions. Clinical trials involving patients with gingival enlargement (GE) or hyperplasia induced by fixed orthodontic treatment and treated by laser gingivectomy, conventional surgery (scalpel) or non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) were included regarding periodontal parameters such as bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival inflammation, among others. Results: From the 363 articles initially retrieved, only 6 were included after evaluation of the full text. However, all studies were considered to have a high risk of bias. It was detected that periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival inflammation) were significantly lower in the laser-treated group when compared to NSPT. No statistically significant differences were observed between the use of laser or scalpel; however, the laser group offered faster healing and reduced postoperative complications. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this systematic review, the adjunctive use of laser gingivectomy to NSPT, for the treatment of GE induced by fixed orthodontic treatment offers favorable clinical results in the improvement of periodontal health parameters. In addition, it offers faster healing, less bleeding, less gingival swelling and postoperative pain, and better comfort for the patient compared with conventional surgery. Clinical relevance: The use of laser as an adjunct to NSPT proves to be a favorable and more comfortable option not only to treat GE but also to maintain periodontal health in patients with fixed orthodontics.

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• Artificial intelligence in accounting and auditing: bibliometric analysis in Scopus 2020-2023

  Chávez-Díaz, Jorge Miguel; Aquiño-Perales, Laura; De-Velazco-Borda, Jorge Luis; Villagómez-Chinchay, Juan Alberto; Flores-Sotelo, Willian Sebastian (Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science, 2024-11-01)

  The purpose of the study was to present the results of a bibliometric analysis and literature review on the scientific production related to artificial intelligence (AI) applied to accounting and auditing, contained in the Scopus database between 2020 and 2023. The PRISMA model was used to identify the studies, due to its transparency in the process of obtaining relevant literature. For the first part, a descriptive and quantitative bibliometric analysis with keyword search in the Scopus database was used. For the second part, a subjective approach was followed based on a qualitative analysis based on the author’s interpretation. Both approaches were considered for their complementarity. The main quantitative characteristics of journals, authors, articles, conceptual structure, and social structure were identified. Also, the ethical implications of AI applied to accounting and auditing, and the way it impacts on accounting, tax auditing, financial strategy and decision making that contribute to the creation of value for their organization. Change the aversion to AI for adaptability and understanding that their auditing and forensic accounting were extracted. The accountant-auditor’s work will be increasingly computerized. They should focus more on analysis; professional profile must be transformed synergistically with AI. The study is intended to serve as a theoretical basis for future research.

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• Is the “Virtual Mass” here to stay?

  Hidalgo-Díaz, Pedro; Noborikawa-Ajito, André; Valdivia-Marquina, Mario; Vega-Holguin, Diego; Chávez-Chuquimango, María; Gallardo-Echenique, Eliana

  This study aimed to analyze the reception of the transmission of the “virtual mass” among the Catholic faithful in Lima. It was positioned in the qualitative phenomenological paradigm. An online questionnaire was conducted with 1,235 Catholic faithful from the city of Lima (Peru). Some faithful considered the advantages of the “virtual mass” to be its greater reach, saving time and money, and the possibility of seeing the celebration repeatedly, among others. The disadvantages indicated were idleness, laziness, lack of commitment, the possibility of distraction, and the absence of community. The majority of participants considered that the “virtual mass” is not equivalent to the in-person celebration.

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• Challenges for communication managers: artificial intelligence and reputation management

  Olivos-Farfán, Gabriela; Guillén-Arruda, Claudia; Chávez-Chuquimango, María (Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao, 2024-01-01)

  The present study analyzes the challenges faced by communication managers in strategically managing their clients’ reputations in an environment where artificial intelligence (AI) and Deepfakes are on the rise. A qualitative approach with an ethnographic design is employed. Semi-structured interviews are applied with ten directors of communication agencies in Lima, Peru. For the analysis of results, a thematic analysis was developed to understand in depth their perspectives, strategies and challenges in relation to reputation management in the face of the propagation of AI-generated content. As a result, there is evidence of a lack of planning to address the emerging problem due to the lack of specific cases linked to Deepfakes, which has limited the preparation for possible crises, highlighting the need to anticipate potential scenarios for an effective response. Risks and challenges are identified, highlighting the importance of a solid reputation for clients and the management of a crisis plan.

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• Cultivating Critical Thinking Among Journalism Students in the Digital Age

  Echeandía, Rossana; Murillo, Jaime; Palomino-Flores, Paola (Associacao Iberica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informacao, 2024-01-01)

  The study aims to identify factors contributing to the development of critical thinking skills among opinion journalism students in a private university. A question-based teaching method was employed, utilizing a case study approach with a group of twelve students. Data collection involved interviews and surveys. The findings underscore the significance of fostering critical thinking and highlight the necessity for educators to be adequately prepared for effective implementation. Notably, the method not only stimulates students’ capacity for analysis and interpretation but also enhances their awareness of their capabilities, thus promoting active engagement and enriching the learning process in the digital age. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the imperative to cultivate critical thinking in journalism students and underscores the importance of equipping educators for digital platforms.

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• Use of the IRaMuTeQ software for the analysis of the reasons for the use of the Yape electronic wallet

  Cieza, J.; Pastor, A.; Garate, W.; Sevilla, R.

  Over the years, technology has been gaining a preponderant role in society. The digital transformation, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has redefined business models that previously seemed solid. In this context, in Peru, an electronic wallet called Yape has managed to grow significantly in terms of users and market position, reduce the use of cash, contributing to banking access and the consequent reduction of informality. This study analyzes the reason for the acceptance of Yape versus other competitors in the market by applying the UTAUT2 model and the IRaMuTeQ software. The results show a strong relationship between the success of Yape with its speed and ease of use.

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• The use of the smartphone in the teaching of photography in the blended modality from the point of view of Peruvian undergraduate teachers

  Palacios, K.; Chavez, M.; Bañuelos, J.

  The development of technology forces us to create new ways of teaching photography, to produce methods that allow students to combine the discourses of practical teaching with current aesthetic theory. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze how the use of smartphones facilitates the teaching of photography in blended mode according to the perceptions of teachers of the general photography workshop course at a private university in Lima, Peru. Its approach is qualitative, it is positioned in the interpretive paradigm and ethnographic design. Interviews were conducted with ten photography teachers in the blended mode of the general photography workshop course. From this, it was determined that the factors considered to facilitate the teaching of photography in blended mode are access to technology, immediacy of learning, ease of handling the Smartphone, portability and security.

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• Transcending the Monitor: Investigating the Streamer-Audience Dynamic and its Effect on Streaming Consumption Preferences

  Palomino, P.; Chang, T.; Grifeu, A.

  In the context of changing social dynamics reshaping media consumption, the focus turns to the intriguing realm of streaming. This study encompasses the perspectives of consumers and creators, unveiling the construction of effective communication between streamers and their audience, and how this interaction influences preferences and consumption habits. Through a mixed methodology, combining a questionnaire for 205 consumers and interviews with 21 streamers, significant findings emerge. The interaction between streamers and their audience not only guides content creation and sharing but also forges a virtual community transcending boundary. This study underscores that streaming is more than entertainment—it’s a cultural phenomenon redefining how we connect with content and each other. Ultimately, it is concluded that interaction and content, in a symbiotic process, originate from streamers, adapting to the themes and desires of a captive audience.

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• Bibliometric study on the impact of knowledge management in business

  Wong, C.; Hinostroza, D.; Yong, F.

  This article describes the results of a systematic review of the bibliography that seeks to identify the main impacts of knowledge management on business. For this, the research used the method of the consolidated meta-analytic approach theory (TEMAC). During the investigation, it was found that authors from China and England concentrate 47% of the publications related to the subject of study. Likewise, the findings provide strong evidence of the positive benefits of effective knowledge management in business. It is highlighted that this management is associated with the strengthening of social capital, the generation of innovation, the improvement of efficiency and organizational performance, as well as the promotion of business sustainability. Based on the above, 3 main thematic axes are identified on the impacts of knowledge management on business; the innovation; efficiency and performance; and sustainability.

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• The estate of the art on digital transformation strategies for businesses

  Unknown author

  This article presents the results of a systematic review of the literature that aims to identify digital transformation strategies in companies. A research is carried out with a consolidated meta-analytic approach, based on the analysis of 221 research articles. Where it is highlighted that the largest number of articles published come from authors of Chinese nationality (43.4% of the top ten countries with the highest number of publications), likewise, that 40.3% of the studies were carried out using the quantitative approach. The study also finds that the main digital transformation strategies in companies are based on; a) leadership and planning, b) knowledge management and c) technological innovation (Industry 4.0). It is concluded that digital transformation in companies requires leadership that achieves the implementation of well-defined strategies, effective change management and a collaborative culture that considers the benefits and effectiveness of knowledge management, in addition to the use of advanced technologies like industry 4.0. In addition, the importance of acquiring digital skills to function effectively in the digital environment is highlighted for taking advantage of technological opportunities.

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• Influence of chatbots on the export of information technology services in Asia: bibliographic review period 2019-2022

  Agustín Vásquez Tarrillo, Renzo; Luisaldo Vera Peña, Robert; César Vergaray Monteza, Julio; Vanesa Zamora Alhuay, Jerly; Alexandra Zuloaga Gamarra, Patricia; Mercedes Cerna Huarachi, Delia; del Pilar Napa Alva, Rosario (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  This study focuses on analyzing the influence of chatbot implementation on the export of information technology services in China, South Korea, Hong Kong during the period 2019-2022.The methodology employed a systematic review of scientific literature, making the development mostly a qualitative descriptive design.Additionally, 30 research articles were selected to analyze how personalization of interactions with clients, self-service, and the collection of feedback in chatbots influence the exportation of information technology services.The findings indicate that the implementation of chatbots has emerged as a critical factor in optimizing the processes of exporting information technology services in a highly competitive and digitized market.

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• Pedestrianization around the San José market determining the walkability index

  Sandoval Alfaro, César; Leon Ortiz, Alfredo; Tarquino Torres, Fernando (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  The present study responds to the problem that afflicts the citizens of the Jesús María district, mainly those who live in the buildings located around the San José market, due to the excessive use of street parking. In this sense, the objective of this research aims to improve the quality of life of residents, visitors and merchants in the area, promoting the pedestrianization of the streets located around the aforementioned supply center, by determining the walkability indices and surveys that will support the proposals made. The project contemplates the elimination of parking lots in the streets adjacent to the market, and the creation of exclusive areas for pedestrian traffic, a measure that will allow passers-by to walk with greater safety and comfort, in addition to promoting economic activity around the market. by creating a more attractive and accessible environment, thus obtaining inclusive, healthy, resilient and sustainable developments.

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• Experimental investigation of an ecological concrete developed with calcareous silica brick and basalt fibers for the reduction of CDW

  Escobar Jorge, Efraín; Ketty Meza Gala, Yaquelin; Augusto Eyzaguirre Acosta, Carlos (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  Lime silica bricks are one of the most predominant elements in construction and demolition waste, contributing significantly to the total solid waste produced worldwide. In Peru, the direct disposal of this waste in landfills prevails due to the lack of management alternatives and the lack of knowledge about sustainable options to use these materials. Simultaneously, the high CO2 emissions produced by the cement industries contribute substantially to global greenhouse gas emissions, giving rise to climate changes, melting of the Arctic ice, alterations in the biodiversity of animals and plants, droughts and others. phenomena. Recently, much research has been conducted on the use of supplementary cementitious materials to decrease cement production. This study focuses on evaluating a sustainable concrete by incorporating crushed calcareous silica brick waste and basalt fibers. To do this, consultation was carried out in different bibliographic sources on the properties of the materials and the optimal addition percentages. Following this, the dosage was carried out for a concrete of 34.34 MPa (350 kg/cm2). Four concrete mixtures with percentages of 5% and 10% of crushed calcareous silica brick reinforced with 0.5% basalt fibers were investigated. In addition, properties such as compressive strength and diametral tensile strength were analyzed at the ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. The results, in terms of mechanical performance, show a slight improvement of 2.1% compared to conventional concrete. In addition, control tests, including temperature, unit weight, air content and concrete slump, support the viability of the proposed concrete. Regarding the CO2 emissions reduction rates for sustainable concrete, a reduction of 56.33 kg of CO2 was obtained for each cubic meter of concrete.

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• Application of artificial intelligence and object detection to determine failures in flexible pavements

  Muñoz, R.; Saldaña, J. P.; Silvera, M.; Campos, F.; Palacios-Alonso, D. (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  According to the Association of Traffic Accident Victims (AVIACTRAN), on average there are 10 potholes per kilometer of flexible pavement in the city of Lima.This is due to the lack of timely road maintenance by government authorities, as they do not have a system that allows them to identify in real time the different pavement defects to make decisions.To address this problem, this paper proposes the use of the Cascade Trainer GUI algorithm and Python programming to determine defects in flexible pavements.The proposal consists of training the algorithm with images of different pavement defects using mobile phone cameras or drones for data collection and evaluation of the condition of the pavement.The implementation of the model provides a saving of 60% in the detection time of functional defects of the pavement compared to the traditional method.The methodology detects 5 types of defects (crocodile cracking, edge cracking, block cracking, potholes and wear) with an accuracy of 70%.This innovative approach offers an efficient and fast solution for management road infrastructure in urban and rural environments.

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• Application of the digital twin in the after-sales of multifamily homes to improve the quality dossier of technical common areas

  Contreras Rodríguez, Hans; Meza Alarcon, Erika; De la Torre Salazar, Jorge (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  In this study, the application of the virtual model was carried out in the post-sales phase of a multifamily housing project, specifically in technical common areas. A virtual model was developed to improve the quality dossier. In addition, an analysis was carried out with the expert judgment tool to identify the main problems in traditional after-sales, highlighting the importance of implementing digital in this service and the relevant restrictions to consider during its implementation. The results obtained from the expert judgment revealed that customer dissatisfaction with the traditional after-sales management system is a significant problem for more than 80% of the experts. The implementation of the virtual after-sales system presented various benefits, such as improving the quality of information, improving the resolution of complaints and facilitating the interaction between all parties involved. As a result, a decrease in the number of complaints from customers, an improvement in the quality dossier and greater satisfaction with the service provided was observed.

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• E-commerce and value chain in grape exporting companies

  Vilela-Guerrero, Claudia; Borda, Ricardo Fernando Cosio; Ramírez-Briones, Lorena; Cajavilca-Gonzáles, Berenice; Noriega-Monar, Gloria; Buitron-Hurtado, Erika (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  The evolution of electronic commerce has been crucial to improving the value chain in the agricultural sector.After the pandemic, the importance of digital tools in all economic sectors was highlighted.The restrictions imposed to contain the spread of the disease led to the digitalization of the economy, with digital commerce being a key element for companies.This research focuses on determining the relationship between electronic commerce and the value chain in grape exporting companies.The proposed hypothesis suggests a positive relationship between both variables.To validate it, a questionnaire was applied as a data collection instrument, aimed at collaborators of the companies selected in the study.The results indicated that the hypothesis was validated, although the relationship was positive, but not significant.This reflects that, although the marketing of grapes is being carried out digitally, this is not the main means.The links in the value chain have not yet been fully digitized or mechanized.If these tools are implemented on a larger scale, the value chain could be improved and export growth boosted.However, there is still a way to go to achieve complete digitalization of the sector.

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• Leadership, Cultural Development, and Competitiveness in Asia Pacific Multinational Companies

  Jacobo Guevara, Breyci; Yactayo Cueto, Jesús; Montoro Silva, Rodrigo; Loma Hembracio, Stephany; Ricardo Moscoso Cuaresma, Julio; Toribio-López, Alexander (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  Cultural development is a process that allows the emergence of novel elements and the gradual advancement of existing ones. The aim of the study was to analyze the factors involved in the cultural development of Asia Pacific multinational companies over the past twenty years. To achieve this, a systematic literature review was conducted, based on 38 scientific articles from Scopus. It was evident that having leadership aligned with the organization's objectives is essential, enabling employees to feel comfortable in their work. A predominant trend in research was identified towards qualitative approaches, as opposed to quantitative or mixed methods. Additionally, there was a predominant focus on evaluating multinational natured companies. The countries identified with greater relevance in this theme were the United States, Colombia, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and China. Finally, it is suggested that future research should focus on studies related to multinational innovative leadership.

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• The industrial location and the growth of the automotive industry: A systematic literature review

  Jesús Guizado Cullanco, Alberto; Darlene Huayllasco Alvarado, Ana; Jimena Jara Tolentino, Alejandra; Astryd Leyva Vizconde, Angelli; Michael Koc Collazos, Cesar; Margot Olivera García, Rossana (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  The research analyzes the linkage between industrial location and the growth of the automotive industry. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, 35 articles from databases such as Scopus and ScienceDirect were analyzed using the PRISMA declaration method. Three key aspects were identified: (i) human capital, (ii) access to raw materials, and (iii) technological infrastructure. The results reveal a significant positive trend, where industrial location not only increases production but also drives innovation and competitiveness in the sector. This study highlights how strategic location and logistic infrastructure are crucial for the development of the automotive sector, enhancing its adaptability and competitiveness in a global market. The research underscores the importance of strategic and economic factors in location decisions, emphasizing their impact on productive efficiency and global economic dynamics. Particularly, these findings are vital for emerging economies, as they offer key insights for enhancing their industrial and economic development in the context of globalization.

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• Influence of Geometry on Accident Risk Levels. Application of the Predictive HSM Method on a Rural Road in Perú

  Canales, A.; Incio, C.; Silvera, M.; Campos, F.; Palacios-Alonso, D. (Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)

  This study focuses on thoroughly examining how the geometric characteristics of rural roads in Peru impact safety, using the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) as the primary reference point. By adjusting the predictive HSM model to fit specific conditions, the most significant variables in anticipating road incidents were identified. Out of the 14 considered variables, three emerge as the most relevant in accident prediction. The presence of rumble strips, the Hazard Index in sections with obstacles and barriers account for 47.74% of relevance, while variables related to horizontal curves, such as length and radius, contribute with 18.35% importance in this predictive calculation. This study emphasizes the need to expand the database with information from other roads sharing similar characteristics. This would not only improve the accuracy of the calculation but also confirm the priority of the identified variables for all Second-Class Rural Roads. The results obtained highlight the influence of geometric aspects on the probability of accidents, thus supporting the need for specific improvements. This study underscores the importance of adapting the HSM to the specific conditions of each region in local rural roads. The presented results provide a solid foundation and concrete outcomes for decision-making in the planning and improvement of road safety in similar environments in Perú.

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