Antecedente de enfermedad por COVID-19 asociado a presencia de sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa en adultos mayores que se atienden en el Hospital Sabogal durante el año 2021-2022
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Advisors
Puyen Guerra, Zully MargothIssue Date
2024-01-31Keywords
Antecedente de COVID-19Depresión
Ansiedad
adultos mayores
COVID-19
History of COVID-19
Depression
Anxiety
Older adults
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Antecedent of COVID-19 disease associated with the presence of depressive and anxious symptoms in older adults who are treated at the Sabogal Hospital during the year 2021-2022Additional Links
https://audio.com/raupc/audio/10317Abstract
Antecedentes: A nivel nacional son pocos los estudios realizados para analizar la prevalencia de depresión y ansiedad en población adulta mayor. A raíz de la pandemia ocasionada por la COVID-19 se ha visto un claro aumento de casos de depresión y ansiedad a nivel mundial, por lo que tener el antecedente de haber sido infectado por SARS-COV 2 podría ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar estas enfermedades. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, muestreo no probabilístico, con una muestra total de 141 participantes geriátricos. Para determinar la presencia de sintomatología depresiva se utilizó como instrumento la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica de Yesavage y para determinar sintomatología ansiosa en estos pacientes se utilizó la Escala de LIMA (ELA-8). Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de síntomas de depresión y ansiedad de 13.48% y 34.75% respectivamente. No se encontró una asociación entre antecedente de COVID-19 con la presencia de sintomatología depresiva (RPc 0.98 IC 95% 0.91 - 1.05). Sin embargo, sí hubo una asociación negativa con la presencia de sintomatología ansiosa (RPc 0.79 IC95% 0.70 - 0.89). Adicionalmente, se encontró la existencia de algunos factores de riesgo para desarrollar sintomatología depresiva, como el estar desnutrido, ser divorciado, conviviente y tener estudios superiores. Además, se identificó que aquellos participantes que no contaban con familiares intradomiciliarios con antecedente de COVID-19 era un factor de riesgo para desarrollar sintomatología ansiosa. Conclusiones: En la presente investigación, no se ha observado una asociación directa entre la adquisición previa del virus COVID-19 y la manifestación de sintomatología depresiva. No obstante, se identificó una asociación negativa, evidenciando un efecto protector de la sintomatología ansiosa. Precisamente, la presencia de esta infección respiratoria reduce en un 21% la probabilidad de desarrollar síntomas ansiosos en comparación con aquellos individuos que no han experimentado esta patología anteriormente.Background: At the national level, there are few studies carried out to analyze the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the elderly population. As a result of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, there has been a clear increase in cases of depression and anxiety worldwide, so having a history of being infected by SARS-COV 2 could be a risk factor for developing these illnesses. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, non-probabilistic sampling, with a total sample of 141 geriatric participants. To determine the presence of depression symptoms, the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale was used as an instrument and the LIMA Scale (ELA-8) was used to determine anxiety symptoms in these patients. Results: A prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms of 13.48% and 34.75% respectively was found. No association was found between a history of COVID-19 and the presence of depression symptoms (PRc 0.98 95% CI 0.91 - 1.05). However, there was a negative association with the presence of anxiety symptoms (PRc 0.79 95%CI 0.70 - 0.89). Additionally, the existence of some risk factors for developing depression symptoms was found, such as being malnourished, being divorced, cohabiting, and having a higher education. In addition, it was identified that those participants who did not have family members at home with a history of COVID-19 were a risk factor for developing anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: In the present research, no direct association has been observed between the prior acquisition of the COVID-19 virus and the manifestation of depressive symptomatology. Nevertheless, a negative association has been identified, revealing a protective effect of anxious symptomatology. Specifically, the presence of this respiratory infection decreases the probability of developing anxious symptoms by 21% compared to individuals who have not previously experienced this pathology.
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