Evaluación de la presencia de plomo y cadmio en cultivos urbanos de Lactuca sativa y Beta vulgaris var. cicla. en el distrito de Miraflores
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Advisors
Achata Böttger, Jorge AlfredoIssue Date
2023-11-24Keywords
Agricultura urbanaContaminantes urbanos
Monitoreo
Cadmio
Riesgo
Urban agriculture
Urban pollutants
Biomonitoring
Cadmium
Risk
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Evaluation of the presence of lead and cadmium in urban crops of Lactuca sativa and Beta vulgaris var. cicla. in the district of MirafloresAbstract
La agricultura urbana es una actividad que a nivel mundial ha ido ganando gran acogida en distintos centros urbanos debido a los diversos beneficios que esta aporta. Sin embargo, se tiene conocimiento de que la presencia de contaminantes urbanos, como el material particulado y los metales pesados, pueden llegar a afectar la inocuidad de los cultivos procedentes de la agricultura urbana al bioacumularse en partes comestibles de la planta como las hojas o el fruto. El objetivo de este estudio, es cuantificar la cantidad de plomo y cadmio en productos de agricultura urbana en el distrito de Miraflores. Para ello, se comparó la concentración de Pb y Cd presentes en las hojas de las especies Lactuca sativa y Beta vulgaris var. Cicla cultivados en Miraflores con los límites recomendados por organismos internacionales, y se calculó el indicador de Ingesta Diaria Estimada (EDI). Se encontró concentraciones de cadmio en las hojas de lechuga y acelga que excedieron los límites recomendados por la OMS y la UE, alcanzando valores máximos de 5.88 ppm y 3.61 ppm respectivamente. Esto podría implicar un posible riesgo relacionado con el consumo de productos contaminados con metales que son cultivados en huertos urbanos, ya que, de mantenerse dichos valores, se estima que al día sólo se podría ingerir 13.4 gramos de lechuga y 15 gramos de acelga. Dicho riesgo amerita mayor atención por parte de las autoridades locales municipales, al igual que mayores estudios que permitan aclarar y cuantificar la falta de conocimiento sobre el tema.Urban agriculture is an activity that has been gaining worldwide acceptance in different urban centers due to the various benefits it brings. However, it is known that the presence of urban pollutants, such as particulate matter and heavy metals, can affect the safety of crops from urban agriculture by bioaccumulating in edible parts of the plant such as leaves or fruit. The objective of this study is to quantify the amount of lead and cadmium in urban agriculture products in the district of Miraflores. To this end, the concentration of Pb and Cd present in the leaves of the species Lactuca sativa y Beta vulgaris var. cicla., were compared with international standards, and the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) indicator was calculated. As a result, cadmium concentrations were found in lettuce and chard leaves that exceeded the limits recommended by the WHO and the EU, reaching maximum values of 5.88 ppm and 3.61 ppm respectively. This could imply a possible risk related to the consumption of products contaminated with metals that are grown in urban gardens, since, if these values are maintained, it is estimated that only 13.4 grams of lettuce and 15 grams of chard could be ingested per day. This risk deserves greater attention from local municipal authorities, as well as more studies to clarify and quantify the lack of knowledge on the subject.
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