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Premature clinical trial discontinuation in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors

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Authors
Khunger, Monica
Rakshit, Sagar
Hernandez, Adrian V.
Pasupuleti, Vinay
Glass, Kate
Galsky, Matthew D.
Grivas, Petros
Issue Date
2018
Keywords
Cancer
Clinical trial termination
Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immunotherapy
xmlui.metadata.dc.contributor.email
pgrivas@uw.edu

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Publisher
Wiley-Blackwell
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624716
DOI
10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0003
Additional Links
http://theoncologist.alphamedpress.org/lookup/doi/10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0003
Abstract
Background: Clinical trial completion is critical for new cancer therapies. Premature trial termination or withdrawal is common and impairs progress. We assessed factors of early terminated/withdrawn oncology trials focusing on trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), hypothesizing that the latter may be associated with lower rates of premature discontinuation. Materials and Methods: We reviewed all adult, intervention, oncology trials registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (November 16, 2011, to April 16, 2015) to identify all terminated/withdrawn trials and reasons for termination. Logistics regression model was used to identify factors associated with early termination/withdrawal. Discontinuation rate was compared in trials with and without ICI. Results: We identified 12,875 trials (35% industry funded, 12% federal funded), of which 8.5% were prematurely terminated (5%) or withdrawn (3.5%); the main reasons were poor accrual (33%) and logistical (24%). ICI trials (n = 350) had a nonsignificant lower rate of termination or withdrawal compared with all other oncology trials (5.4% vs. 8.5%; p =.9) and were less likely to discontinue due to poor accrual (nonsignificant difference: 21% vs. 33%; p =.4). ICI trials were also less likely to discontinue compared with all other oncology drug trials (e.g., chemotherapy, targeted inhibitors, antiangiogenesis, biologics; 5.4% vs. 7.9%, respectively, nonsignificant difference). The 4-year cumulative incidence of failing to complete for reasons unrelated to toxicity or efficacy was 18% (95% confidence interval 16%–20%). There was no association between annual incidence across different tumor types or accrual goal and rate of trial termination. Conclusion: Poor accrual represents the main cause of early cancer trial termination. Premature termination/withdrawal rate was not significantly lower in ICI compared with other trials. Clinical trial completion remains a high priority and can be influenced by provider and patient factors. Implications for Practice: Clinical trial completion is critical for new cancer therapies. Premature trial termination or withdrawal is common and impairs progress. This study assessed factors of early terminated/withdrawn oncology trials, focusing on trials with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and found that poor accrual represents the main cause of early cancer trial termination. Premature termination/withdrawal rate was not significantly lower in immune checkpoint inhibitor trials compared to other trials. The discussion herein is focused on measures taken by the National Cancer Institute and other institutions to improve clinical trial accrual and prevent premature clinical trial discontinuation.
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
Language
eng
Description
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
ISSN
1083-7159
1549-490X
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0003
Scopus Count
Collections
Medicina

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