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Effect of vegetarian diets on the presentation of metabolic syndrome or its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Authors
Picasso, Maria C.
Lo-Tayraco, Jessica A.
Ramos-Villanueva, Juselly M.
Pasupuleti, Vinay
Hernandez, Adrian V.
Issue Date
2018
Keywords
Blood lipids
Blood pressure
Glucose
Metabolic syndrome
Vegetarian diets
Waist circumference
xmlui.metadata.dc.contributor.email
mariaclaudiapicasso@gmail.com
jlotayraco@gmail.com
jurv1114@gmail.com
lepiscean@gmail.com
adrianhernandezdiaz@gmail.com

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Publisher
Churchill Livingstone
Journal
Clinical Nutrition
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10757/624688
DOI
10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.021
Additional Links
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261561418302073
Abstract
Background & aims: Several studies have examined the effect of vegetarian diets (VD) on metabolic syndrome (MetS) or its components, but findings have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to assess the association between VD and MetS or its components (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], fasting glucose triglycerides, waist circumference [WC], HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C)) in adults. Methods: The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. RCTs, cohort studies and cross-sectional studies evaluating the effects of VD on MetS or its components in adults, with omnivore diet as control group, were included. Random effects meta-analyses stratified by study design were employed to calculate pooled estimates. Results: A total of 71 studies (n = 103 008) met the inclusion criteria (6 RCTs, 2 cohorts, 63 cross-sectional). VD were not associated with MetS in comparison to omnivorous diet (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.50–1.85, p = 0.9) according to meta-analysis of five cross-sectional studies. Likewise, meta-analysis of RCTs and cohort studies indicated that consumption of VD were not associated with MetS components. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies demonstrated that VD were significantly associated with lower levels of SBP (mean difference [MD] −4.18 mmHg, 95%CI −5.57 to −2.80, p < 0.00001), DBP (MD −3.03 mmHg, 95% CI −4.93 to −1.13, p = 0.002), fasting glucose (MD −0.26 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.35to −0.17, p < 0.00001), WC (MD −1.63 cm, 95% CI −3.13 to −0.13, p = 0.03), and HDL-C (MD −0.05 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.03, p < 0.0001) in comparison to omnivorous diet. Heterogeneity of effects among cross-sectional studies was high. About, one-half of the included studies had high risk of bias. Conclusions: VD in comparison with omnivorous diet is not associated with a lower risk of MetS based on results of meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. The association between VD and lower levels of SBP, DBP, HDL-C, and fasting glucose is uncertain due to high heterogeneity across the cross-sectional studies. Larger and controlled studies are needed to evaluate the association between VD and MetS and its components.
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
Language
spa
Description
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
ISSN
02615614
ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.021
Scopus Count
Collections
Nutrición y Dietética

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