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Calidad de vida relacionada a salud de la población adulta mayor en un área rural y urbana del Perú

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Authors
Hernández Huayta, Jean William
Chavez Meneses, Sofia
Advisors
Carreazo, Nilton Yhuri
Issue Date
2016-02-09
Keywords
Calidad de vida
Ancianos
Población Rural
Población Urbana
Quality of life
Rural Population
Urban Population

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Publisher
Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10757/621849
Abstract
Objetivo. Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada a salud en una muestra de la población adulta mayor de un área rural y urbana del Perú. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal en población adulta mayor de cuatro distritos rurales y uno urbano en el periodo de Octubre del año 2014 a Enero del 2016. Se evaluó la asociación entre el área de residencia y cinco variables sociodemográficas mediante la prueba de chi cuadrado. Utilizando la prueba de Suma de Rangos de Wilcoxon y evaluando magnitud de efectos se midieron y compararon los puntajes por dimensiones obtenidos en los instrumentos WHOQOL-BREF y WHOQOL-OLD y el puntaje total de éste último. Con ello se realizó regresión lineal simple y múltiple para hallar los valores ajustados a las diferencias sociodemográficas. Resultados. Se encuestaron a 447 adultos mayores en total, 207 del área rural, los cuales en su mayoría trabajaban y tenían menos años de educación. La población adulta mayor del área rural tuvo mayor calidad de vida en las dimensiones “Física”, “Psicológico” y “Medio ambiente” del WHOQoL-BREF y en “Habilidades sensoriales”, “Autonomía”, “Actividades del pasado, presente y futuro”, “Participación social” y en el puntaje total del WHOQoL-OLD, mientras que aquellos del área urbana sólo mostraron mayor calidad de vida en la dimensión “Intimidad”. Conclusiones. El área de residencia ejerce un efecto diferencial en las distintas dimensiones de la calidad de vida relacionada a salud de la población adulta mayor estudiada.
Objectives. To assess the health related quality of life in a sample of elderly population in a rural and urban Peruvian area. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in elderly population from four rural districts and one urban from the period October 2014 to January 2016. The association between the area of residence and five sociodemographic variables was assessed with the chi square test. Using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and assessing size effect, WHOQoL-OLD and WHOQoL-BREF domain scores and global score of the former obtained in the survey were measured and compared. Then, simple and multiple regressions were performed to adjust values to the sociodemographic differences. Results. A total of 447 elderly people were surveyed, 207 from the rural area, most of whom worked and had less years of education.. The elderly population from the rural area had a higher quality of life in the domains “Physical”, “Psychological” and “Environment” from WHOQoL-BREF and in “Sensory abilities”, “Autonomy”, “Past, Present and Future Activities”, “Social participation” and the total score from WHOQoL-OLD, while those from the urban area only had a higher quality of life in “Intimacy”. Conclusions. The area of residency exerts a differential effect on the distinct domains of health related quality of life in the evaluated elderly population
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Language
spa
Collections
Medicina

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