Recent Submissions

  • Hydraulic analysis due to flooding in the Rimac river, Carapongo sector

    Ricaldi, Eriksson Hipolito Pena; Gutierrez, Ruben Esau Mogrovejo (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    This article focuses on the simulation of the hydraulic behavior of the Rimac river in a 200-meter section in the Carapongo area of Lima, Peru, in order to determine the floodable areas in the event of increases in flows that exceed historical averages, calculating the levels of water and flow speeds to characterize the effects of flooding on the inhabitants who settle in nearby areas, as happened in March 2017 in the presence of flows of greater magnitudes in the Rimac river. [1] For the development of this article, the hydraulic simulation software called Hec Ras 6.2 was used using a fixed bed model with a fixed cross section channel, for which a topographic survey, granulometric analysis and subsequent estimation of the roughness coefficient were carried out, finally the review of the hydrological information with reference to the events that occurred in March 2017 in the Coastal Niño Phenomenon published in the technical reports of the National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru (SENAMHI), for the consultation of the maximum flow data in March 2017 and estimation of the flow considering a flow of 200 m3/s; Finally, all this information was entered into the Hec Ras 6.2 software. The simulation results show us a flooded area near the San Antonio de Carapongo Wastewater Plant, with water depths reaching 1.0 m and a flow velocity of 5.0 m/s. The model was validated, making measurements of water depths in the field and verified with the values of simulated depth associated with the flows registered in the Chosica station of SENAMHI.
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  • Evaluation of the Influence of Recycled Polypropylene on the Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Layers

    Toro, Karol Alexia Puelles; Aguilar, Estefany Dolly Reyna; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Rutting or rutting in asphalt pavements is one of the most frequent failures and is due to excessive stress to which the inner layers are subjected. Due to this problem, a way to increase rutting resistance was developed in this research. Therefore, mixtures of conventional asphalt were prepared with the addition of polypropylene, obtained from recycled face masks, in percentages of 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. The polypropylene functions as a binding agent. Based on the results of the study, the mixture that had 0.5% of fibers presented a slight increase in stability compared to the conventional mixture, while in the other mixtures the stability decreased, since the percentage of voids increased. Likewise, the value of the modulus of elasticity, which was not obtained in the laboratory tests, was found by means of a computational simulation (ANSYS). This value is necessary to obtain the rutting generated in each asphalt mixture. Finally, the rutting is obtained by means of a computational simulation of the Hamburg Wheel test. From the rutting test results, the polypropylene-modified blends showed good resistance to deformation, reducing the rutting from 4.87 mm to 1.03 mm as the percentage of polypropylene increased from 0% to 1.5%.
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  • Optimization of Cost Analysis in School Construction: Risk Management.

    Andres, Wilder; Palmer, Erazo; Sebastian, Edgar; Sotelo, Alvarez; Janice, Katia; Vargas, Melendez (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    This paper proposes to optimize the conventional cost analysis used by SMEs in school construction through qualitative analysis using Primavera Risk Analysis, Microsoft Excel, and Primavera P6. Several stages were carried out during the process: risk identification, identification of the most sensitive and susceptible items to project changes, sensitivity analysis, criticality analysis, all represented in tornado, bar, and scatter plots. The proposed risk management plan yielded the following results: it increased the reliability of the project's completion date from 41% to 61% in the analysis, increased budget reliability from 29% to 45%, and reduced the number of sensitive items based on 1000 iterations.
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  • Analysis of Conflicts and Delays of Cyclists, Vehicles, and Pedestrians at a Busy Intersection in Lima Downtown, Peru

    Silva, Jose; Barua, Vera; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    In Lima downtown, highly congested intersections with many cyclists and pedestrians can be observed, where conflicts are very common. Therefore, it is important to reduce conflicts to improve the mobility of all users at intersections. At the intersection of Garcilaso de la Vega and 9 de Diciembre avenues, located in the center of Lima, the behavior of the users was observed, especially that of the cyclists, where the spontaneous routes they have adapted to cross the intersection more quickly were visualized. In this study, two scenarios were evaluated: The first scenario used the current fixed traffic light cycle as the geometry of the location, and it also represented how cyclists cross through unplanned routes. In contrast, the second scenario involved adaptive traffic lights and formalized two routes for cyclists, allowing them to choose more than one alternative depending on the phase they are in when crossing the intersection. The Vissim software was used for modeling, and the SSAM methodology was employed for comparison, which counted the number of conflicts. As a result, the second scenario showed 18% fewer conflicts among users. Additionally, cyclists experienced 18% less delay.
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  • Conceptual and Numerical Interpretation of the Hypothetical Failure of Tablachaca Dam Using RAMMS Model-Quichuas-Huancavelica-Peru

    Rodriguez, Yherzi Kenyi Qqueso; Zerpa, Gonzalo Eduardo Flores; Gutierrez, Ruben Esau Mogrovejo (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Dams are very useful hydraulic structures nowadays as they allow the generation of renewable energy, such as the case of the Tablachaca dam, one of the largest in Peru, which harnesses the waters of the Mantaro River. This dam is located in the Quichuas-Huancavelica sector and provides a significant amount of energy each year. However, it also poses a significant risk to the surrounding population and the Electroperu camp since it has been observed that this type of structure can fail due to hydraulic, structural, and geotechnical factors, leading to a breach in the structure or affecting its internal functioning, potentially resulting in dam failure. In such an event, it would devastate the downstream population. In this investigation, our focus was to corroborate this hypothesis in order to identify and delimit the most affected areas by the displacement of the flow. We compiled data to validate the hypothesis and used the RAMMS software to analyze sediment flow displacement. Two scenarios were analyzed, each with different time parameters, density, and roughness. According to the simulations, a height of approximately 40 meters was reached, which is sufficient to engulf the Quichuas village and completely devastate a portion of it. Additionally, the tangential velocities of the debris flow ranged from 10 to 20 meters per second, and the forces exceeded150 Kpa, indicating a highly destructive risk.
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  • Evaluation of the influence of the turning radius of heavy vehicles inside a roundabout in vehicular conflicts

    Luna, Cesar Oswaldo Vera; Esquivel, Milagros Yolanda Gavilano; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Roundabouts allow a continuous vehicular flow and a greater traffic capacity compared to conventional intersections. This alternative makes it possible to improve the critical situation at some points on the main roads. However, its efficiency is reduced when the structure has a reduced area. Likewise, the presence of heavy vehicles affects the continuous circulation of other vehicles because they occupy more than one lane to make the turn correctly. Therefore, there are many vehicle conflicts, delays and queues. This research aims to evaluate conflicts in a roundabout with a reduced area. Then, in scenario 1, the heavy vehicles in the roundabout under study were replaced by cars to evaluate the influence of heavy vehicles through the variation of vehicular conflicts. Finally, compare a second scenario of a roundabout with defined lanes for heavy vehicles inside the central island. The defined lanes that cross the central island have a greater turning radius compared to those designed in the roundabout. Data collection of the current situation was performed and then Vissim microscopic simulation software was used to simulate the scenarios using the collected traffic data. To evaluate the turning radius, the design vehicle used was the semi-Trailer (trailer), since it is one of the main ones that circulates through the intersection under study and requires a wide turning radius. The results of scenario 1 that replaces the trailers with cars show a decrease in conflicts by 20%. In the same way, it happens in scenario 2, which presents a similar reduction in vehicular conflicts than scenario 1. Likewise, scenario 2 presents a decrease in vehicular delays, which improves the efficiency of the infrastructure under study.
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  • Application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to optimize the request for information (RFI) process in construction projects

    Sandoval, Ivan Segundo Maza; Bernardo, Jean Piere Alex Oscco; Dionisio, Sandra Rodriguez; Aquino, Alexandra Hinostroza (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Due to the fierce competition that businesses in this industry are engaging in to win difficult projects and improve their projection capabilities, construction projects are currently expanding significantly and adjusting to ongoing changes. Improvements in the management of construction processes are therefore encouraged to speed up project completion, save costs, and boost quality by the projects' baseline or scope. On the other hand, research reveals that common issues that arise during the execution stage include, among others, a lack of information, a lack of a foundational definition, and communication disruptions between departments. Most often, this results in the development of several Requests for Information, which hinders the beneficial flow of operations. Additionally, according to the standard procedure for these requests, a lengthy waiting period is necessary before receiving a response, which entails delays of up to 10\%. A new communication method is suggested with the following presumption to speed up project RFI responses. Information and communication technologies (ICT), a crucial resource in the modern world, are used to accomplish this. By centralizing and arranging the information for cross-stakeholder evaluation, these technologies enhance the interchange of project information. By combining technological tools, the proposal redesigns the traditional procedure, which has significantly improved the projects appraised.
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  • Seismic vulnerability of state educational infrastructures in Cercado de Lima, using the FEMA 154 methodology

    Calixto, Valerie; Cruz, Carlos; Huaco, Guillermo (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Peru is a country with high seismic vulnerability due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area of significant seismic activity. In this regard, although the Peruvian government has a disaster risk management plan in place, it is crucial to contribute to and identify those critical infrastructures (schools, hospitals, police and fire stations, emergency control centers, etc.) with a higher degree of seismic vulnerability. After their identification, a structural reinforcement plan can be implemented for these structures. For this reason, the study presents public schools with the highest degree of seismic vulnerability in Cercado de Lima, Lima, Peru. These were identified using the FEMA P-154 Rapid Visual Screening methodology, which focuses on quickly and economically assessing the seismic safety of a large inventory of buildings with minimal data requirements. Upon concluding the research, the results indicate that over 60% of public institutions in Cercado de Lima have a high probability of suffering significant damage in an earthquake.
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  • Evaluation of the elastic properties of an asphalt mix with the addition of recycled polypropylene subjected to a vertical load from the dynamic modulus test.

    Portocarrero, Nicole; Flores, Fredd; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    n Peru there are a large number of pavements that are in poor condition. One of the main causes is the submission to tensile stress, which generates deformations in the structure. In the last 20 years, Peru has promoted a favorable policy for the construction of road works. This article evaluates the use of polypropylene in the design of the asphalt mix. This is a material that can be recycled and due to the components, it contains, it can be used to improve the properties of asphalt. To design the mixture, the Marshall test was used, since this test evaluates essential parameters to determine if mechanically it behaves adequately to current standards. On the other hand, the Dynamic Modulus test was used to evaluate the expansions of the proposed asphalt mix. To reduce research costs, it was analyzed computationally with the ANSYS Software, since virtual tests of products and systems can be carried out before physical manufacturing. The study was carried out for a highly trafficked urban pavement. The most important factor to evaluate is the resistance to aging produced by the effect of fatigue and the effect of humidity. Therefore, in the present investigation, the preparation of asphalt mixtures modified with recycled polypropylene was analyzed in which the equivalent elastic deformation (DEE), shear stress (EC) and the total deformation of the pavement (DTP) are reduced. Finally, the feasibility and behavior of the proposed mixture was analyzed, making a design with the addition of 5.6% asphalt cement and 2% polypropylene, thus obtaining a decrease in the three main parameters, with 17% in the DEE, 4% in EC and 20% in DT.
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  • Performance analysis of a subgrade with low load capacity reinforced with geogrid using the finite element method

    Flores, Damaris; Geldres, Julio; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The presence of soft soils creates a serious problem for road construction. This is because the subgrade has a low CBR value, leading to deformations on the road surface that can affect its stability and durability. To initiate the performance evaluation, laboratory tests were conducted to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the subgrade. In order to establish the parameters considered for developing the steel box test model, the structure comprising the subgrade, geogrid, and base was subjected to cyclic loading using a hydraulic actuator. The reinforcement used between the subgrade and the base was the TX-160 geogrid. The model was subjected to a maximum pressure of 550 MPa using a hydraulic actuator with a contact radius of 200 mm, simulating the contact radius between the base and the wheel. The deformations generated in the unreinforced design under maximum pressure reached values of 68.89 mm, while the deformations in the design with geogrid reinforcement, placed between the base and the subgrade, were reduced by almost 90% to a value of 6.48 mm. Consequently, increasing the thickness of the base resulted in a reduction of subgrade deformation.
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  • Proposal for the implementation of a safety plan integrating the Deming cycle to minimize scaffolding accidents at height in a multifamily building

    Palomino, Anthony Edwards Arroyo; Paima, Kristhofer Raul Maldonado; Castaneda, Humberto Ramirez (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The article below presents the application of a safety plan based on the Deming cycle, also known as the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) cycle, the objective of the research is to minimize scaffolding fall from height accidents in the construction industry workplace. This methodology is effective in improving the quality and productivity of various processes through a continuous improvement approach. The application will be carried out through a series of surveys of workers in a construction company.The implementation process begins with a planning phase in which goals and objectives to reduce scaffolding accidents are defined. The next phase is Doing, in which the designed safety plan is put into practice. Safety measures for scaffolding, personnel training, etc. are implemented. In the third phase of verification, the results of the measures adopted are evaluated, analyzing the data collected in the previous phase to check whether the proposed objectives have been achieved. Finally, in the action phase, measures are adopted on the basis of the results and analysis of the verification phase. If the objectives have been achieved, the measures are implemented on an ongoing basis. If not, areas for improvement are identified and a new action plan is developed to address them. The cycle is continuously repeated and lessons learned are applied in each iteration. Consistent and systematic application of the Deming cycle leads to a gradual improvement in scaffolding safety, thereby reducing the number of accidents caused by falls and contributing to a safer working environment.
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  • Economic improvement by reducing the execution time in a multifamily project applying Lean Construction and BIM 4D

    Yachachin, Kenji Ricardo Higa; Hurtado, Noe Christian Tello; Roca, Jose Alberto Apolinario (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    In the projects of multi-family buildings executed by SMEs, the majority have been affected by considerable delays, which are mainly due to the lack of communication, coordination between the interested parties and deficient planning, lack of monitoring and control constant in work. For example, these causes can be unsolicited RFIs in the period of observations and delayed approvals, reprocessing of nonconformities, among others. Therefore, a guide was proposed to reduce execution times in multi-family projects executed by SMEs in which BIM 4D and Lean Construction are implemented. In this guide, 4 phases are explained in which BIM 4D and Lean Construction software and tools are applied to analyze interferences and restrictions, as well as optimize the workflow through optimal planning, which would allow avoiding and/or or mitigate delays. However, this guide would not only be reducing delays, but also cost overruns, so there would be an economic improvement apart from the temporary This is demonstrated by implementing the guide in a multifamily project, in which the cost overruns initially generated by delays were reduced by 70%.
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  • Hydrogeological Conceptual Analysis with FEFLOW, for the Ccoyahuacho Slope - Andahuaylas - Peru

    Gutierrez, Ruben Esau Mogrovejo; Gutierrez, Efrain Jhiaromir Contreras; Gutierrez, Luis Fernando Miranda (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The purpose of this research project is to develop a hydrogeological model using FEFLOW software, aiming to obtain seepage rates in the 03 soil layers due to rainfall recharge in the Ccoyahuacho slope, and subsequently install drains. Through soil mechanics studies, results of poorly graded gravel, well-graded gravels were obtained, and with the geological study, Andesite rock was identified. Furthermore, the hydrological study yielded an intensity of 227.33 mm/h for a 15-minute duration and a 100-year return period. Additionally, a topographic survey was conducted using the Phantom 4 RTK drone, obtaining 149,354 UTM 18S topographic points. The application of the hydrogeological model resulted in a seepage rate of 0.0002 l/s without drain installation. With the subdrain installed, a seepage rate of 878.1 l/s was achieved, indicating that the flow is directed towards the drainage system. Thus, the drain is functioning based on the input parameters in the software.
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  • Design and manufacture of Type i lightweight concrete bricks, composed of recycled aggregates from concrete demolition waste, banana trunk fiber and rice husk ash

    Martinez, Rodriguez; Enrique, Luis; Silva, Tunoque; Alberto, Alexander; Lopez Pasapera, L.; Lisette, Karla (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The use of concrete bricks in buildings causes 12% of structural failures due to the structural overload generated by masonry walls made with this type of material. In this research, it was proposed to reduce the weight of Type I concrete bricks without affecting their resistance, for which materials such as banana fiber and concrete demolition waste were added to generate a reduction in the weight of the bricks due to to their properties. Similarly, rice husk ash is incorporated to maintain the resistance of the concrete bricks. Four dosages were designed (M0, M1, M2 and M3) with which the different concrete mixtures and bricks were prepared. Concrete control tests were carried out (settlement, temperature, and unit weight), additionally, hardened concrete tests were carried out (warping, absorption, dimensional variation, and weight of the units). In relation to the main objective of the research, the bricks made with the mixtures M0, M1, M2 and M3 obtained average weights of 3920.55 g, 3692.45 g, 3489.05 g and 3161.65 g, respectively. Regarding resistance, the bricks made with the mixture M0, M1, M2 and M3 reached an average resistance after 28 days of 52.46 kgf/cm2, 54.70 kgf/cm2, 48.38 kgf/cm2 and 19.84 kgf/cm2, respectively. Finally, it was determined that by replacing traditional materials such as natural aggregates with recycled elements such as RCD and the use of materials such as ash instead of cement, improvements in concrete designs can be achieved. As in the case of sample M1 (600 gr/cm3 of silver fiber, replacement of 50% RCD and 2.5% rice husk ash), which obtained an improvement in compression resistance and a weight reduction. with respect to the standard sample
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  • Nonlinear seismic behavior of a masonry hospital over 80 years old reinforced with electro welded mesh

    Balvin, Yuri Huaringa; Canales, Romina Tamara Saire; Cardenas, Guillermo Huaco (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The seismic silence of the Peruvian coast shows the need to evaluate essential old structures such as schools and hospitals on this area. This type of infrastructure should keep being operational despite a large earthquake. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce them since they do not meet current seismic design codes. It is shown the performance of a retrofitted masonry hospital made by two different types of brick, clay and adobe or rammed earth material. The retrofitted process consisted of strengthening the slender clay artisanal masonry walls with electro welded mesh, keeping the robust and thick adobe walls with no reinforcement. Due the structural assessment it was found that adobe walls were stiff enough to carry out lateral loads and short lateral displacement, however the clay masonry walls need to be strengthened specially by shear actions. The results of this research show that the retrofitted infrastructure is partially effective as it improves the shear capacity (30% on the longitudinal X axis and 16% on the transverse Y axis) and displacement of the structure; however, early shear hinges are still evident, which shows that the structure continues to maintain a fragile behavior On the other hand, the percentage of improvement differs in both axes since more walls were reinforced in the X axis than in the Y axis. As well it was reached a lateral stiffness improving for both directions of the hospital.
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  • Analysis of the influence of traffic signalization using a stochastic algorithm in the reduction of queues and delays at intersections with high traffic flow

    Urbano, Jhonan; Bassini, Fernanda; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    The constant increase of vehicular demand at intersections hurts intersection crossing times and queue formation on avenues. This paper presents a microsimulation model using a stochastic algorithm for traffic signal control based on two variables: queue length formation and crossing time delays. To address this problem, a stochastic algorithm is built using Python software with the total lengths of each traffic light cycle and the two variables to be solved (queue formation and crossing delays) as parameters, and the number of iterations to be performed will be included in the algorithm. These variables will be used as key indicators to obtain the green and red-light duration times for each traffic light at both intersections. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed model, different traffic simulations are performed in the intersection section using Vissim 9.0. Using this microsimulation software, it was possible to recreate the behavior of the vehicles that were analyzed using a filmographic record. Different iterations were used to determine the trend of improvement in the model using the results of the algorithm through different phase diagrams used in the microsimulation. By using the first iterations of the times generated by the algorithm, a considerable improvement in the performance of the traffic light control system was observed. A notable decrease in crossing times has been achieved, with reductions ranging between 5% and 9%. In addition, a considerable decrease in queuing has been observed, with a reduction ranging from 20% to 34%.
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  • Analysis of the use of user time based on access to bus boarding information at a BRT station

    Sapacayo, Carlos; Respicio, Enrique; Silvera, Manuel (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    In many cities around the world, public transportation users must go to stops in advance due to the uncertainty of the bus boarding time. This causes them to stop investing their time in activities such as working, studying or leisure time. This research presents the analysis of the time it takes the average user to reach the station from their point of origin, the waiting times in electronic card recharge queues, the time it takes to reach the bus modules and the waiting time in boarding queues spent by users of a BRT station in Lima. Then, they are compared with an alternative to reduce waiting times based on access to precise information on the time of boarding. To do this, data from a survey carried out within the chosen station on the times of each phase were analyzed. Then, a comparison is made between the conventional situation and a scenario in which users know when they should go to the boarding modules to avoid wasting time. The results show that the proposed scenario reduces the time spent by users inside the BRT station from 22.57 minutes to 13.30 minutes compared to the current situation, which represents a reduction of 41.18%. Likewise, the waiting time in the proposed scenario for the boarding modules is 43% lower than the average time of users in the conventional situation. The current reduced times are significant, and, according to the survey results, these can be used in other activities such as leisure and work.
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  • Feasibility of using Choosing by Advantages to improve multicriteria decision making in the subcontracting of precast concrete slabs in multifamily housing

    Lopez De La Cruz, Bach Ing Oscar; San Bartolome Rey, Bach Ing Gabriel; Jorge De La Torre Salazar, Mg Ing (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Over the past few years, multi-family housing has been subject to increased complexity due to the demand in the housing market. Because of this, the subcontracting of precast concrete slabs is considered a good solution option due to its ample benefits such as time and labor savings. In addition, it is the most widely used structural element for this type of building. However, to obtain these benefits, a proper selection of precast concrete slab subcontractors is necessary. Therefore, it is necessary to have a selection method for the proper development of this process since a wrong decision will generate cost overruns and delays on site. Therefore, this research presents Choosing by Advantages (CBA) as a viable solution. The validation that is given through an expert judgment determines that the factors quality, delivery time and production capacity are the most important in the decision-making process. Finally, a multicriteria decision-making case was made for the subcontracting of precast concrete slabs highlighting the importance of the application of CBA in multi-family housing.
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  • Evaluation of the operational performance of unconventional intersections with high traffic flow

    Saavedra, Steve; Comingez, Paola; Silvera, Manuel; Campos, Fernando (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Currently, one of the worrying problems in vehicular traffic is the large number of cars making left turns at intersections. This phenomenon has generated various challenges in terms of road safety, traffic fluidity and transportation efficiency. To face this situation, today, alternative and innovative solutions are being proposed through the design of unconventional intersections. One of these is the displaced left turn (DLT) intersection. However, given that intersections of this type are few in Peru, it is necessary to evaluate the operational performance of this type of intersections. Therefore, this study evaluates the operability of DLTs using a scenario comparison study based on selected performance measures. For this, the case of a conventional intersection in the city of Lima is evaluated, in which the DLT was implemented in two accesses that have a greater flow of vehicles. The evaluation indicates that the DLT intersection proposed in this study has a high potential to reduce vehicular delays but may increase the number of conflicts. The study concludes by stating that, although the design with DLT reduces vehicular delays by 31.25%, at the same time it has negative impacts by increasing the number of vehicular conflicts by 73.57%. As a recommendation, it is suggested that appropriate safety measures be adopted, which must be designed and put into practice in order to increase the operability of the intersection.
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  • Design of an assembly concrete brick that facilitates the laying of bricks with the KUKA robot in the absence of an automated system in the construction of masonry walls

    Victor, Bustios Calle Diego; Andree, Diaz Asencios Peter; Sandra, Rodriguez Dionisio; Lopez Pasapera, Karla Lisette (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023-01-01)
    Currently, the construction sector is the least automated in Peru and the world, because the activities in the work have processes that differ from each other. Likewise, the most predominant material in the walls is brick or cement block according to the 2017 National Census of Peru because they represent 4,298,274 homes, which represents 55.8% of the total private homes in Peru. This means that one of the most important construction activities in Peru is the manufacture of masonry walls. In addition, 80% of the total houses in Peru are informal according to CAPECO (2021), therefore, an automated system is needed to optimize cost and time in masonry work. In the present investigation, the focus is on designing an assemblable brick with less weight than the King Concrete brick and a resistance greater than 20 kg/cm2, which is the minimum indicated by the Peruvian masonry standard.
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