RSS 1.0Facultad de Ingeniería
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Ingeniería Ambiental [11]
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Ingeniería Civil [189]
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Ingeniería Industrial [181]
Recent Submissions
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Bending Response of Doubly Curved Laminated Composite Shells using Hybrid Refined Models(IOP Publishing, 2019-02-26)This study presents a static analysis of laminated composite doubly curved shells using a refined kinematic model with polynomial and non-polynomial functions. In particular Maclaurin, trigonometric, exponential and zig-zag functions are employed. Refined models are based on the Equivalent Single Layer theories and obtained by using Carrera Unified formulation. The shell model is subjected to different mechanical loading such as bi-sinusoidal, uniform and point load. The governing equations are derived from the principle of virtual displacement and solved via Navier-Type closed form solutions. The results are compared with Layer-wise and higher-order shear deformation solutions available in the literature. It is shown that refined models with non-polynomial terms are capable of accurately predicting the through-the-thickness displacements and stress distributions with a low computational effort.Acceso abierto
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Stabilization of Pavement Granular Layer using Foamed and Emulsified Asphalt under Critical Low Temperature Conditions(IOP Publishing, 2019-02-26)One of the efficient techniques that is currently used in pavement engineering to improve the stress–strain response conditions of the pavement structure includes the stabilization of its structural layer components. There are several laying techniques that include the usage of stabilizing agents such as emulsified and foamed asphalt. In these technologies, the temperature of the environment is observed to play a critical role. This condition is often considered to be the main factor that encourages the usage of foamed asphalt for stabilization. Further, the aforementioned technique specifies that, at temperatures of approximately 10 °C or lower, the asphalt particles are not effectively inserted in the foamed granular material mastic; they are instead merged with other asphalt particles. This causes an agglomeration of coalesced asphalt, prevents adequate foaming, and hinders the pavement layer from compaction. In such a situation, the pavement will exhibit a structural strength deficiency. Therefore, this study experimentally investigates the environmental temperatures at which an efficient layer that is stabilized using foamed asphalt may be obtained both in the laboratory as well as in the field. Further, this study proposes a new limit. Apart from exceeding this temperature limit, the study also offers an alternative with respect to the usage of asphalt emulsions to stabilize the granular layer. This technique comprises the dispersion of asphalt particles in an aqueous medium; however, when this technique is applied at low temperatures, the low temperatures do not allow the system to reach a critical condition of inapplicability, which is observed when the asphalt foam is used for stabilization. Further, the mechanical behaviors of the foamed pavement at temperatures of lower than 10 °C are discussed. Additionally, this study exhibits the results of stabilized layers that use a slow-setting asphalt emulsion (CSS-1h) as a solution to the temperature problem that is associated with the usage of the foaming technique. The investigation is performed based on a project that is conducted in the extremely low temperature areas of the Peruvian Andean highlands, which are located at an altitude of 4,000 to 5,000 meters above the sea level.Acceso abierto
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Storage management model based on Lean Warehouse Management and Systematic Layout Planning(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)The logistics and storage sector in Peru has experienced significant growth due to increased imports and the trend among companies to outsource their storage processes. This article addresses the challenge of enhancing warehouse efficiency, particularly in the picking and location processes, through a warehouse management model. The methodology employed includes a company diagnosis, Value Stream Mapping, the 5S methodology (a Lean Warehouse Management tool), and Systematic Layout Planning. These approaches aim to improve inventory management and human resource utilization to reduce late order rates. This research demonstrates the application of Lean tools in warehouse management, an innovative concept in Peru, with positive outcomes: reducing the late order rate from 14.69% to 3.71%. Moreover, it proves economically viable with a positive net present value (NPV) of S/. 12,659 and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 45.03%. This study contributes to promoting research for enhancing warehouse processes in Peru, addressing a gap in scientific literature on this topic.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Influence of Permeable Rigid Pavement on Vehicular Slip Resistance on Curved Sections of a Highway(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)The presence of moisture on a pavement causes sudden changes in direction, decreased speed and even vehicular accidents, because the slip resistance is reduced. Therefore, it forces the driver to travel in a more conservative way. This article evaluates the slip resistance of a permeable concrete pavement considering curved sections, which are critical points with difficulty in maneuvering. In addition, the comparison of the International Friction Index (IFI) of two prototypes is developed by carrying out the British Pendulum and Sand Circle test. Therefore, the friction coefficient F(s) at different speeds is determined. The results indicate that, in the critical condition, that is, when the tire is new, the friction F(s) of the permeable pavement is 44.5% greater compared to a conventional pavement when the speed is 60 km/h. This is, how the values obtained contribute to meeting the ideal conditions of a road design. Therefore, the stopping visibility distance requirements for the permeable is 13.8% less than the distance required for the conventional pavement when presenting a speed of 60 km/h.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Correlation of climate variation and NDVI values using Landsat scenes in the Amazonian penillanura of Yurimaguas - Peru, from 1984 to 2023(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)Despite the decrease in deforestation rates in the world, it is still an expanding problem in tropical areas such as the Amazon, losing millions of hectares of forests per year, due to weak governance of their territories and driven mainly by agriculture, livestock and a strong expansion of agro-industrial plantations such as oil palm in recent decades. Therefore, it is necessary to know the extent of the impacts generated in the alteration of local climates and how they affect the surrounding populations and ecosystems. Therefore, the objective of the research is to analyze the impact of deforestation and changes in vegetation cover on the variation of temperatures and precipitation in the town of Yurimaguas - Peru, between 1984 and 2023. For this purpose, meteorological data were used to determine changes in the local climate and global warming, processed in Microsoft Excel software, as well as Landsat satellite images, processed in QGIS software, to see the evolution of the landscape by calculating the NDVI. The results show that the maximum and average NDVI of the study area have a negative trend, associated with the increase in temperatures of up to 2 °C in 40 years and the loss of 25% of its primary forests in the last 20 years, which means more than 2,200 hectares deforested in a single year. It is concluded that agroindustrial monocultures such as oil palm, together with other activities that change land use, have a strong impact by removing large tracts of native forests for decades, which is projected in the negative trend shown by the NDVI values, a phenomenon that is due to the greater effect of global warming on the local climate, the reduced water supply to ecosystems and increased levels of evapotranspiration, which affect the water balance of the soil and the vigor of its vegetation..Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Improvement of the Public Transport Route for Line 7103 in Lima: Reduction of Travel Time(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)The primary objective of this research wasto propose a modification to the current route of bus 7103, in order to decrease the total travel time for the users. The methodology employed was based on the application of the Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) function to calculate travel times for both the original route and the segments proposed by this study. These proposed sections are chosen with criteria based on their proximity to potential commercial areas, minimizing deviation from the original route, avoiding significant impacts on the circulation of other vehicles, among others. The main results revealed that the current total travel time is 245minutes, whereas the proposed route would have an estimated time of 228 minutes, representing a reduction of 17 minutes, equivalent to a 7% decrease.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Improvement of the storage and inventory management system for grocery stores to increase profits through the implementation of ABC classification and FIFO methodology(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)In Peru, convenience stores or grocery stores, considered as micro and small businesses, play a significant role in the country's economy as they contribute substantially to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Moreover, they provide employment for a considerable number of people. In Lima, there are many stores without a digital system to manage their inventories, leading to inefficient organization. They rely on manual recording methods using notebooks, resulting in losses and high costs, negatively impacting their profits. This situation highlights a stagnation in the management of these small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in this subsector due to declining profits, leading store owners to consider closing their businesses due to unprofitability. In response to this situation, a storage management model is needed to reduce losses in the stores. Therefore, the methodology proposed in this work is based on ABC classification, FIFO inventory policies, and product proximity, aiming to increase store profits by reducing losses and enhancing the overall shopping experience.
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Performance assessment of the of Cyperus alternifolius and Chrysopogon zizanioide in greywater treatment with artificial wetland(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)In Peru, the discharge of wastewater is due to the lack of treatment and sewage infrastructure in various areas of the country, mainly in new human settlements resulting from the unplanned and disproportionate growth of Peruvian cities. inside of city that constantly being impacted by the water that reaches its water mirrors, just due to the constant dumping of domestic wastewater mainly from the settlements located in the buffer zone. Therefore, we seek to improve the quality of the water of these canals using of horizontal flow subsurface wetlands using Chrysopogon zizanioide and Cyperus alternifolius species. We evaluated the removal of different parameters such as BOD5, turbidity and thermotolerant coliforms (TC). We found that the removal percentages for BDO5 were 66.87% for Cyperus alternifolius and 62.84% for Chrysopogon zizanioide. TC removal was 99.08% (Chrysopogon zizanioide) and 98.43% (Cyperus alternifolius) and to turbidity, both species reached high removals, up to 99.18%.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Climate variation in the Amazonian peneplain due to deforestation and urban expansion in Iquitos - Peru, between 1984 and 2023(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)Tropical forests suffer the loss of millions of hectares every year due to land use and land cover change for agricultural production, resource exploitation and settlement development, contributing to global warming and altering the environmental conditions of the territory, as in the city of Iquitos in the Peruvian Amazon, where it is necessary to know how these impacts affect its population, activities and ecosystems. The objective of the study was to analyse the effects of urban expansion and global warming on the climate of the city of Iquitos, as well as its variation in relation to the climate of the towns of Pebas and Trompeteros, in the Peruvian Amazonian peneplain in the period 1984-2022, for which meteorological data from the study area was processed, maps of ecosystems and satellite images were processed to determine levels of vegetation vigour by calculating the normalised difference vegetation index in three quadrants over the towns of Iquitos, Pebas and Trompeteros, of similar latitude and altitude, but with different forest conservation status. The results showed that the city of Iquitos has tripled in size since 1984, with an average growth of 58.4 hectares per year, causing a heat island effect, with at least 1.1°C more than nearby rural areas, and a decrease of up to 1,000 millimetres of annual rainfall, with the effect being greater in its area because 33% of its territory has been altered, compared to Pebas and Trompeteros, which have more than 88% of their territories covered by primary forests. It is concluded that population growth drives deforestation for urbanisation, agricultural production and other purposes, which in countries with weak institutions is uncontrolled and unregulated. Likewise, deforestation increases the effect of global warming on the local climate due to the loss of environmental services provided by forests, such as temperature regulation and moisture supply, affecting the vigour of local vegetation.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Hybrid Model Based on Machine Learning for the Prediction of Consumer Credit Delinquency in the Banking Sector of Peru(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024-01-01)The delinquency rate among clients of banking institutions in Peru has increased exponentially in recent years, due to the lack of early detection of potentially delinquent clients, mainly due to the use of inadequate prediction techniques for the identification of delinquent clients. This causes profitability to be reduced, credit risk to increase and the country's economy to be unstable. Previously, different solutions were generated to prevent non-payment, however these studies were not applied in the Peruvian environment and did not cover the personal and financial variables necessary to improve the detection of delinquent clients. In this work, a delinquency prediction system is proposed using classification algorithms such as logistic regression and Random Forest, with the aim of improving and automating the early detection of delinquent clients and counteracting the increase in delinquency, so that banks can of Peru can reduce their financial losses due to non-payment by delinquent clients, and prevent the granting of consumer loans to clients who have a high probability of delinquency. After validating the performance of the algorithm using key indicators, it was obtained that the results are superior to the compared algorithms, thus showing a precision of 90 percent, a recall of 95 percent and an accuracy of 91 percent.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Noise: perception its effects on cognitive skills in elementary school students(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)Noise, responsible to sound pollution, is catalogued as the energy originated by a vibratory phenomenon that is detected by the ear and causes a sensation of discomfort, that affects people, causing affectations in hearing, physiological functions, mental health, behavior, and performance of people. However, it is the most ignored environmental pollutant. Due this reason, we carried study to assess perception of the effects produced by the sound pressure since the vehicle fleet on the basic cognitive skills of elementary school students. We conducted noise monitoring in the areas surrounding the educational institution and we applied surveys related to sound perception and its effects on basic cognitive skills, specifically on attention, concentration and memory in elementary school children. The results obtained from the noise monitoring showed that the sound pressure levels in the study area exceeded those stipulated in the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) Noise for a Special Protection Zone (50 LAeqT), such as schools. The results of the surveys showed that 46.9% of students perceive that noise affects their attention, 44.1% affects their concentration and 43.5% affects their memory, reflecting that students do consider noise as an element that affects important aspects for the development of their school activities.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Mathematical model for fleet sizing using the match factor in an open-pit mine(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)The open-pit mining industry is vital to the global economy, facing challenges in operational efficiency and cost management. Fleet sizing is crucial for optimization, requiring innovative approaches. Discrete event simulation using Arena software addresses fleet sizing complexities in open-pit mines, aiding in understanding operational delays and high costs. This research aims to develop a framework integrating process modeling and simulation in Arena, enabling real-time fleet decisions. The study reviews mining process simulation literature, open-pit mine characteristics, and proposes detailed models for geology, topography, and mining operations. Critical variables like equipment performance, productivity, and truck hours will be evaluated. Results aim to provide mining companies a valuable decision-making tool for efficient resource management and cost reduction. The study also explores simulation-based decision-making implications for sustainability and environmental responsibility in mining. Overall, this research contributes to open-pit mining optimization, utilizing Arena software for innovative fleet sizing decisions.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Estimation of carbon dioxide potential stored in the aerial biomass of the Chaviña Wetlands, Arequipa, Peru(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)This study focused on analyzing the carbon storage capacity of the Chaviña wetlands, the objective was to estimate the carbon stock present in the aerial biomass. For this purpose, 17 samples were obtained randomly using a 0.25 m2 quadrat. Subsequently, each sample underwent a drying process in an oven at a temperature of 60°C for periods of 24 to 72 hours, until they reached a constant weight. Next, the Walkley and Black method was applied to determine the carbon content in each of the samples. Finally, calculations were made to obtain the carbon stock stored in the aerial biomass. Additionally, statistical tests were carried out to identify the differences between the percentage of carbon in the aboveground biomass and the carbon stored in the aboveground biomass by marsh level (high, medium and low). The results obtained indicate that there are no significant differences in the carbon stock between the three marsh levels. In addition, it was quantified that the wetland biomass stores a total of 18 628 tC and sequesters 70 904 tCO2. This finding shows the relevance of the Chaviña Wetlands as a significant carbon reservoir.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Quantification and characterization of atmospheric microplastics in a coastal urban area of the city of Lima, Perú(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)Microplastics are currently considered an emerging problem. That are mainly associated with the excessive use and poor disposal of plastic waste, a problem that has worsened worldwide in recent decades. Studies on the presence of microplastics are limited due to the lack of knowledge on their behaviour and incidence in ecosystems, especially in the atmosphere, and on their consequences on human health. We were conducted a study in a coastal urban area of the city of Lima-Peru, with the main of quantifying the presence of atmospheric microplastics and identifying their morphological characteristics such as shape, size and colour. The result obtained was in the presence of 1598 microplastic particles (in 30 days of monitoring), 68% were fragment type, 22% fiber type and 10% sphere type. The predominant colours were blue and green, and the average size found ranged from 2.495-216 μm. Meteorological conditions were also considered in relation to contaminant deposition. The study is one of the first carried out in Peru, so it is expected that the information generated will be useful to obtain more knowledge about this new pollutant.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Impact of droughts and El Niño Costero on dry forest and white-tailed deer in the Coto de Caza El Angolo - Perú(Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions, 2024-01-01)Dry forests have a great environmental, social and economic value due to the ecosystem services they provide and the biodiversity they contain, and are being affected by the strong atmospheric fluctuations generated by the increasing climate variability of the last decades, endangering species of flora and fauna as representative as the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus peruvianus) in the tropical premontane zones of the western slope of the Andes, Therefore, we sought to analyze the relationship between the vigor of the vegetation cover and the historical fluctuations of the population density of white-tailed deer, with climatic variations and the incidence of El Niño Costero in the Coto de Caza El Angolo and its buffer zone in the period 1984-2023. For this purpose, statistical data of white-tailed deer in the study area and vegetation vigorousness levels determined with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) calculated by processing Landsat scenes with meteorological data and the occurrence of El Niño Southern Oscillation events were analyzed and correlated. As a result, it was found that the vigorousness of the vegetation fluctuated strongly until 2002, when it showed a more regulated behavior, but in frank ascent, a phenomenon that coincides with the increase in the recurrence of El Niño events, which would have generated a continuous and sustained increase in the area with dense and sparse leaf cover since 2005, These changes are affecting white-tailed deer populations, which, despite showing increasing values (in density and harvested individuals) between 2004 and 2010, have shown a marked decline since 2011, with a negative trend in both indicators. It is concluded that the greater frequency of ENSO in the last 15 years has been generating changes in the vegetation, increasing its leaf area, due to the reduction of dry periods, a factor that paradoxically would be negatively affecting white-tailed deer populations.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Experimental Evaluation of Adobe Bricks Reinforced with Rice Husk, Lime and Neem Fibers for the Construction of Sustainable Housing in Andean Areas(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024-01-01)Adobe homes are prone to natural phenomena such as floods, landslides, and earthquakes, due to the intense rains that occur from the month of November to March. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of adobes reinforced with rice husk, lime and neem fibers and evaluate their compressive strength and water absorption capacity. The tests were carried out on adobes with dimensions of 10×10×10 cm3 made with earth, 0.75% rice husk, 0.75% lime and 1 to 3% neem fibers of the total weight of the adobe to determine the evaluations of the specimen. Therefore, a visit was made to the study area located in the province of Yauyos-Peru to classify the type of soil that would be used in the samples, then sift the soil to prepare the mud and let it rest for 24 hours. Then, incorporate the reinforcements and mold the adobes to let them dry for 28 days and proceed with the tests. The research recorded an improvement of 39 and 68% respectively on the strength of adobes reinforced only with rice husk and lime; and neem fibers after 28 days of drying with a proportion of 0.75% rice husk, 0.75% lime and 3% neem fibers. The absorption coefficient of adobes reinforced with rice husk, lime and neem fibers are between 16 and 27% better than adobes reinforced separately. Finally, this research will reduce the damage to homes caused by rains through the use of materials found in the localities and reduce pollution, thus creating a sustainable home with low costs for the inhabitants.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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A Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for the Management of Incidents in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Peru(Association for Computing Machinery, 2024-03-22)In the context of IT incident management, the prioritization and automation of tickets can be a challenge for companies that lack advanced technologies. However, these difficulties can be overcome today by applying machine learning algorithms and techniques that use historical data to train predictive models, which allows for more efficient and effective IT incident management. The article proposes the implementation of a predictive model that uses machine learning to prioritize IT incidents in these companies. The goal of this proposal is to allow small and medium-sized enterprises to prioritize their incidents automatically, using a model that has been previously trained with a supervised multi-label classification algorithm technique to achieve high accuracy. Experimental results show that the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is 2.79 and a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 8.21, using the metrics provided by the scikit-learn library. Additionally, the entropy loss approaches a value of 0, suggesting a precise ability of the model to predict real values. Additionally, an average accuracy level of 93.74% was achieved.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Business management and competitiveness of exporting smes in the peruvian textile industry(Universidad del Zulia, 2024-07-17)The objective of this research was to design an operational management model for garment exporting SMEs to increase the level of competitiveness in the international market through a structural analysis in garment exporting SMEs. The methodology used in this research was the deductive method, the scope of the study was descriptive because it is oriented to determine the factors that affect the increase of competitiveness in the international market, by means of a structural equation model of the SMEs exporting garments. The factors that affect the international competitiveness of SMEs are: Operational management, production management, supply and distribution management, human and financial resources management. The results obtained in the research support the importance of implementing an effective operational management model to improve the competitiveness of these companies in the international arena.Acceso abierto
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A Performance Evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network Architectures for Pterygium Detection in Anterior Segment Eye Images(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-09-01)In this article, various convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for the detection of pterygium in the anterior segment of the eye are explored and compared. Five CNN architectures (ResNet101, ResNext101, Se-ResNext50, ResNext50, and MobileNet V2) are evaluated with the objective of identifying one that surpasses the precision and diagnostic efficacy of the current existing solutions. The results show that the Se-ResNext50 architecture offers the best overall performance in terms of precision, recall, and accuracy, with values of 93%, 92%, and 92%, respectively, for these metrics. These results demonstrate its potential to enhance diagnostic tools in ophthalmology.Acceso abierto
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Use of Xception Architecture for the Classification of Skin Lesions(International Institute of Informatics and Cybernetics, 2024-01-01)This study investigates the application of the Xception architecture for accurate classification of skin lesions, focusing on the early detection of melanoma and other malignant skin conditions. Utilizing deep learning techniques, the research aims to enhance the precision and efficiency of skin lesions diagnosis. The study utilizes the TensorFlow framework and the HAM10000 dataset, comprising a vast collection of benign and malignant skin lesion images, for training and evaluating the Xception model. Preprocessing steps, including data splitting, augmentation, and image resizing, are applied to the dataset. The Xception architecture, a deep convolutional neural network, serves as the foundational model, supplemented with customized classification layers for specialized features and predictions. The model’s performance is evaluated using diverse metrics. The experimental outcomes reveal the Xception architecture’s potential in accurately classifying skin lesions. Moreover, the study underscores the significance of extensive and diverse datasets, as well as rigorous clinical validation, in the development of deep learning models for skin cancer detection. The findings contribute to the advancement of early melanoma detection, thereby improving patient outcomes and alleviating the burden of the disease.Acceso restringido temporalmente
