RSS 1.0Odontología
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The psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital among outpatients(Public Library of Science, 2022-08-01)Aim To evaluate the association between outpatient's perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and experiencing discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital. Material and methods Cross-sectional study in a Peruvian public hospital, where 207 outpatients (18-30 years old) were surveyed. We asked participants about self-reported experiences of discrimination in the last six months at a Peruvian public hospital using a question from the Peruvian National Household Survey on Living Conditions and Poverty (ENAHO) 2017. We also measured the perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics with the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ). Additionally, we evaluated age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, and reason for being discriminated against. Association was assessed with Poisson regression using a robust estimator of variance and reporting prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals in crude and adjusted models. Results About two out of every five participants having experienced discrimination at a Peruvian public hospital in the last six months. On our adjusted estimates, we found discrimination to be positively associated with two components of the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, which were social impact (PR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.04) and the psychological impact (PR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04-1.10). Conversely, dental self-confidence (PR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93- 0.98) was negatively associated with discrimination. Conclusions The perceived psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics is associated with experiencing discrimination among outpatients from a Peruvian public hospital. We advocate for structural changes to address discrimination in healthcare spaces by corresponding governmental authorities.Acceso abierto
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Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease: Systematic review(Elsevier Doyma, 2022-10-01)Aim: To determine whether there is an association between periodontal disease in pregnant women and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus during their pregnancy. Objetive: To determine if there is an association between periodontal disease in pregnant women and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus during her pregnancy Methods: The present systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. Four electronic data bases were searched: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science, through February 2021. Eligible studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: From 161 studies, 8 were eligible: 3 case-control, 2 cross-sectional and 3 cohort studies. Most of the studies supported an association between periodontitis and GDM. Conclusion: Periodontitis is associated with increased risk for GDM compared to woman without periodontitis. Future robust studies with different designs in distinct populations are needed to enlarge on these findings.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Comparison between chronological and dental ages according to three estimation methods in a Peruvian population(Instituto de Investigaciones Clinicas, 2022-01-01)Dental age estimation techniques have great importance in dental evaluation, specifically in the orthodontic, academic, and forensic areas. The aim of this study was to compare the dental age according to the Demirjian, Nolla and Cameriere methods with the chronological age in a Peruvian population. This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, which had a total population of 578 panoramic radiographs of subjects aged 6 to 14 years, where the difference in means from a previous study was calculated, and 193 subjects were finally randomly selected. The chronological ages (CA) and dental ages (DA) were compared using the Wilcoxon and Kruskall Wallis Range Tests. The means were 8.77 ± 2.34 and 8.90 ± 2.04 years of the CA for the female and male genders, respectively. The difference in means of the CA and DA according to the Nolla, Demirjian and Cameriere methods were-0.38, 0.96 and-0.21 years, respectively, for the total study sample. A positive correlation was found for the three methods studied; however, the Demirjian method showed a statistically significant difference with an underestimation of-0.91 years in the total sample. Also, the method of Cameriere was the closest to the chronological age.Acceso abierto
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Association between diet of the vegan population and self-perception of periodontal state in Metropolitan Lima(NLM (Medline), 2022-02-09)Introduction: Objective: to determine the association between vegan diet and self-perceived periodontal status in a vegan population of Metropolitan Lima, Peru. Materials and methods: a total of 240 people (120 vegans and 120 non-vegans) were surveyed in this study during the months of August to December 2020 in a virtual way. To evaluate self-perception of periodontal status and oral hygiene habits, the self-report of periodontal disease was used, which is validated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.77. In addition, other variables such as age, sex, socioeconomic level, educational level, and tobacco consumption were registered. A Poisson regression with robust variance estimator was used both for the association of variables, and prevalence ratios were reported in a crude and adjusted model. The confidence level was 95 % and the significance level was p < 0.05. Results and conclusions: a statistically significant association was found between the appearance of reddish and/or swollen gums (PR = 0.67; 95 % CI: 0.25-0.54) and poor perception of the state of the gums (PR = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.33-0.56) with the vegan diet. Finally, for the gum bleeding dimension during brushing, no statistically significant differences were observed between vegans and non-vegans.Acceso abierto
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Factors associated with oral health-related quality of life during pregnancy: a prospective observational study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-12-01)Purpose: To evaluate the evolution of perceived quality of life in relation to oral health during pregnancy and to determine the risk factors involved in this process. Methods: A follow-up study was carried out with pregnant Spanish women. Two oral examinations and an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) assessment, using the OHIP-14 questionnaire, were performed in the first and third trimester of pregnancy. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, O’Sullivan Test measures, oral hygiene habits, history of caries, and periodontal status of participants were collected through structured medical-dental questionnaires. Results: A complete dataset comprising 246 pregnant women was available for analysis. Overall scores for negative impacts on the OHIP questionnaire were significantly higher during late pregnancy (74%). This indicated a deterioration in oral health-related quality of life amongst participants. Items describing “painful aching”, “self-consciousness”, “unsatisfactory diet”, and “interrupted meals” showed the greatest increase between the first and third trimester of gestation. Multivariate analysis showed that pre-gestational/gestational diabetes mellitus and poor oral hygiene habits during the first trimester of gestation were directly associated with worse oral health-related quality of life during the third trimester of gestation (hyperglycemia: OR 2.86; 95% CI 1.019–8.050: p = 0.043 / oral hygiene: OR 1.33; 95% CI 0.970–1.836; p = 0.076). Conclusions: In the present research, hyperglycemia during pregnancy and poor oral hygiene habits during the first trimester of gestation led to a higher risk of poor oral quality of life during late pregnancy.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Student perception of early simulation in dentistry(Universidad de Concepcion, 2021-03-01)Objective: To evaluate student perception of early simulation in dentistry. Material and Methods: The design of the study was quantitative, observational and cross-sectional. A total of 121 students, from third year to senior year were evaluated. The perception and its dimensions: satisfaction, self-confidence and good educational practices were evaluated by a survey with a high level of reliability (0.89), modified and adapted for the present investigation, checking coefficients for its use: Aiken's V, Cronbach's Alpha, Test-Retest (Spearman), classified in ability, scenario and general simulation practices, based on the Likert scale (from 1 to 5). For the univariate analysis, the descriptive statistics from qualitative and quantitative variables were obtained and for the bivariate analysis, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-tests were employed. Results: The students rated the simulation perception positively with an average of 4.42±0.49, 4.14±0.63 y 4.73±0.66 regarding the ability, scenario and general simulation practices, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the perception of early preclinical practices with the variables age, gender, year of study and previous experience. Conclusion: The perception of students regarding early preclinical practices got a high score and it is not related with the variables studied, according to the survey modified and adapted.Acceso abierto
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Association between self-reported bruxism and academic performance in university students(Universidad de Concepción. Facultad de Odontología, 2021-08-31)Objective: To evaluate the association between self-reported bruxism and academic performance in students at a university in Lima, Peru. Material and Methods: A total of 203 students were evaluated in this study, between the ages of 19 and 35 years. Self-reported bruxism was measured using the Bruxism Assessment Questionnaire. Academic performance was evaluated using the Approval Index Scale. In addition, other variables were included such as employment status, socioeconomic level, stress, anxiety, among others. The association of variables were factored in using the chi-square test and the logistic regression presented the unadjusted and adjusted analisis. Results: The frequency of self-reported awake bruxism and sleep bruxism was 53.20% and 36.45%, respectively. Evidence revealed there was a statistically significant association between awake bruxism with stress and anxiety, and sleep bruxism with anxiety. Students with high academic performance (OR=2.36; IC del 95%:1.06-5.23) and low academic performance (OR=5.72; IC del 95%:1.28-25.57) were found to be more likely to have awake bruxism than those with medium academic performance. Conclusion: This study revealed a statistically significant association between self-reported awake bruxism and academic performance. However, in the future it is suggested to carry out a study with focus only on students with bruxism and with a larger sample of participants with low academic performance to confirm the association found between these variables.Acceso abierto
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Coronal microleakage according to the temporary restorative materials used in endodontic treatment(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2020-04-01)Introduction: Coronal microleakage caused by temporary restorative materials is viewed as one of the reasons for endodontic failure. Efforts have been made in recent years to create a temporary restorative material capable of preventing that problem. Objective: Compare in vitro coronal microleakage of an "experimental cement" and four temporary restorative materials used in endodontics. Methods: Class I cavities were made in 90 premolar teeth divided into 10 groups (n= 9) and evaluated at two time periods (1 and 2 weeks). The "experimental cement" was prepared and then coronal sealing of the teeth was performed with the experimental Cement, F (VOCO), Eugenato (MOYCO), Ketac™ Molar Easymix 3M (ESPE) and Coltosol® F. The pieces were submerged in India ink (Pelikan)for 1 and 2 weeks. Microleakage was evaluated on the interface dentin wall / temporary restoration using a stereo microscope (Leica Microsystems LAS EZ version 2.0.0). Measurement was made in millimeters using the software LAS EZ version 2.0.0. Results: Statistically significant differences were found (p< 0.05) when comparing coronal microleakage in the five temporary restorative materials according to exposure time in ink (1 and 2 weeks). Conclusions: The experimental cement had less microleakage than Coltosol® F and Ketac™ Molar EasyMix 3M (ESPE). However, none of the four materials was capable of completely preventing microleakage.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Screening and Assessment of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Periodontopathic Bacteria in Peruvian Patients with Periodontitis: A Pilot Study(Hindawi Limited, 2021-01-01)Background. Severe periodontal disease is highly prevalent worldwide, affecting 20% of the population between the ages of 35 and 44 years. The etiological epidemiology in Peru is scarce, even though some studies describe a prevalence of 48.5% of periodontal disease in the general population. Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases associated with site-specific changes in the oral microbiota and it has been associated with a socioeconomic state. This study aimed to determine the etiology and resistance profile of bacteria identified in a group of Peruvian patients with periodontal disease. Methods. Six subgingival plaque samples were collected from eight patients with severe periodontitis. Bacterial identification was carried out by an initial culture, PCR amplification, and subsequently DNA sequencing. We evaluated the antibiotic susceptibility by the disk diffusion method. Results. Variable diversity in oral microbiota was identified in each one of the eight patients. The bacterial genus most frequently found was Streptococcus spp. (15/48, 31.3%) followed by Rothia spp. (11/48, 22.9%), Actinomyces spp. (9/48, 18.8%), and Eikenella spp. (4/48, 8.3%). The most common species found was Rothia dentocariosa (8/48, 16.7%). The antimicrobial susceptibility assay varied according to the species tested; however, among all the isolates evaluated, Actinomyces naeslundii was resistant to penicillin and tetracycline; Eikenella corrodens was resistant to dicloxacillin; and Rothia dentocariosa was resistant to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and metronidazole but also susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Conclusions. The most prevalent periodontal bacterium found in this study was Rothia dentocariosa. Specific antimicrobial therapy is required to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with periodontal disease and avoid antibiotic resistance.Acceso abierto
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Dimension and morphology of the mandibular condyle in Class I patients in cone beam computed tomography(Universidad de Concepcion, 2020-01-01)To evaluate the anterior-posterior (A-P)/medial-lateral (M-L) dimension, and morphology of the mandibular condyle in patients aged 18 to 65 years with Class I skeletal pattern on Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans (CBCTs). Materials and Methods: Seventy one CBCTs were evaluated using RealScan 2.0 software. The dimension was determined by points A (most anterior in the sagittal plane), P (most posterior in the sagittal plane), M (most interior in the coronal plane), L (most exterior in the coronal plane). The morphology of the condyle was evaluated in two coronal and sagittal planes, being classified as: round, flat, convex or mixed. The size of the condyle was analyzed by descriptive statistics and the morphology by frequency distribution. For the bivariate analysis, the Student’s t-test was applied. Results: Measurements were obtained for the A-P diameter of the right condyle (RC) (8.72mm ± 1.25mm) and the left condylar (LC) (8.50mm ± 1.50mm), the M-L diameter of the RC (19.24mm ± 2.03mm) and the LC (18.97mm ± 1.87mm). There were significant differences in the male M-L dimension of the LC compared to the female (p=0.002). The most prevalent morphology of RC (35.21) and IQ (23.94) in the coronal plane was round.. Conclusion: The A-P dimension of the right and left condyle is similar in both genders; however, there are differences in the M-L dimension of the left male condyle. The most prevalent morphology of the right and left condyle was round in the sagittal plane with the exception of the coronal plane.Acceso abierto
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In vitro comparison of the immediate adhesive strength in dentin of three universal adhesive systems(Universidad de Concepción, 2018-05)Objective: To compare the adhesive strength in dentin of three universal adhesive systems in vitro by means of the shear test. Materials and methods: Seventy-five bovine teeth were selected and cut. Dentin was exposed from the buccal surface of the crowns with 220 grit sandpaper, and samples were then inserted in transparent acrylic bases (15x10mm). The samples were randomly divided in 3 groups (n=25): G1-Universal adhesive system Scotchbond™ Universal (3M ESPE-USA); G2-Universal adhesive system Peak Universal Bond (Ultradent); G3-Universal adhesive system Tetric N-Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent). The adhesive procedures were carried out according to the instructions of each manufacturer and the restorative procedures were carried out with micro-cylinders (made of Tygon type tubing 0.79x1.5mm) of the composite resin Filtek™ Z350XT-A2 (3M ESPE-USA). The samples were incubated at 37ºC (+/-5ºC) for 24 hours. Adhesive strength was evaluated in a universal test machine by means of the shear test (0.5mm/ min, 500N) and the resulting fracture type was evaluated with a Dinolite digital microscope (x200). The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics (Mean±SD), and inferential statistics by a one-way ANOVA. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the universal adhesive systems evaluated G1 (14.91±4.76), G2 (16.90±4.11) and G3 (17.34±4.04)/(p=0.114). Conclusions: The shear test resulted in similar values of immediate adhesive strength of the three universal adhesive systems used.Acceso abierto
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Comentario sobre «Disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes con artritis reumatoide»(Elsevier B.V., 2018-02)Cartas al editorAcceso abierto
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Comment on “postoperative pain and flare-ups: Comparison of incidence between single and multiple visit pulpectomy in primary molars”(Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2018-01-01)Carta al editorAcceso abierto
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Mandibular condyle dimensions in Peruvian patients with Class II and Class III skeletal patterns.(Universidad de Concepcion, 2017-10-26)Objective: To compare condylar dimensions of young adults with Class II and Class III skeletal patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: 124 CBCTs from 18-30 year-old patients, divided into 2 groups according to skeletal patterns (Class II and Class III) were evaluated. Skeletal patterns were classified by measuring the ANB angle of each patient. The anteroposterior diameter (A and P) of the right and left mandibular condyle was assessed from a sagittal view by a line drawn from point A (anterior) to P (posterior). The coronal plane allowed the evaluation of the medio-lateral diameter by drawing a line from point M (medium) to L (lateral); all distances were measured in mm. Results: In Class II the A-P diameter was 9.06±1.33 and 8.86±1.56 for the right and left condyles respectively, in Class III these values were 8.71±1.2 and 8.84±1.42. In Class II the M-L diameter was 17.94±2.68 and 17.67±2.44 for the right and left condyles respectively, in Class III these values were 19.16±2.75 and 19.16±2.54. Conclusion: Class III M-L dimensions showed higher values than Class II, whereas these differences were minimal in A-P.Acceso abierto
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Overall assessment of responsiveness to change is just the very first step: a technical commentary on Abanto et al.'s study(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2017-05)Carta al Editor
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Comment on “Referral of young children to dental personnel by primary care nurses”(John Wiley and Sons, 2017-02)Cartas al editorAcceso abierto
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Comparación de la microfiltración del Ketac™ Molar e Ionofil Molar® con centrix y espátula TRA(2016)Introducción: El tratamiento restaurador atraumático, es utilizado como parte de los programas preventivos de salud pública, por ello es importante evaluar las técnicas de aplicación del material restaurador utilizando cemento ionómero de vidrio de autocurado. Objetivo: Comparar la microfiltración de los cementos ionoméricos Ketac™ Molar Easy Mix e Ionofil Molar® con dos técnicas de aplicación: jeringa centrix y espátula TRA. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro. Se utilizaron 52 dientes de bovino con preparaciones cavitarias. Las muestras se dividieron en 2 grupos según los cementos ionoméricos y según la técnica de aplicación. Se colocó el material restaurador siguiendo las indicaciones del fabricante. Todas las muestras fueron termocicladas, sumergidas en azul de metileno al 0,05% y seccionadas mediante un corte longitudinal. Se evaluó la microfiltración a través del software del esteromicroscopio. Para comparar las técnicas de aplicación según los cementos ionoméricos se utilizaron las pruebas estadísticas de t de Student y la prueba de U de Mann- Whitney. Resultados: La microfiltración de los cementos ionoméricos Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix e Ionofil Molar® según las técnicas de aplicación jeringa centrix y espátula TRA, no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (valor p>0,05). El cemento Ketac TM Molar Easy Mix y la técnica con la jeringa centrix y su respectiva combinación fueron los que presentaron menor microfiltración. Conclusión: Todos los dientes presentaron microfiltración y entre ellos el grupo KetacTM Molar Easy Mix® con la jeringa centrix mostraron menores valores de microfiltraciónAcceso abierto
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Effect of simulated intraoral erosion and/or abrasion effects on etch-and-rinse bonding to enamel.(American Journal of Dentistry, 2014-02)PURPOSE: To assess the influence of simulated oral erosive/abrasive challenges on the bond strength of an etch-and-rinse two-step bonding system to enamel using an in situ/ex vivo protocol. METHODS: Bovine enamel blocks were prepared and randomly assigned to four groups: CONT - control (no challenge), ABR - 3x/day-1 minute toothbrushing; ERO - 3x/day - 5 minutes extraoral immersion into regular Coca Cola; and ERO+ABR - erosive protocol followed by a 1-minute toothbrushing. Eight blocks were placed into an acrylic palatal appliance for each volunteer (n = 13), who wore the appliance for 5 days. Two blocks were subjected to each of the four challenges. Subsequently, all the blocks were washed with tap water and Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350 were placed. After 24 hours, 1 mm2 beams were obtained from each block to be tested with the microtensile bond strength test (50 N load at 0.5 mm/minute). The data were statistically analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: No difference was detected among the ABR, ERO, and CONT groups (P > 0.05). ERO+ABR group yielded lower bond strengths than either the ABR and ERO groups (P < 0.0113).Acceso restringido temporalmente
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Chlorhexidine does not improve but preserves bond strength to eroded dentin.(American Journal of Dentistry, 2015-02)PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) in different concentrations on bond strength to eroded dentin up to 6 months, using normal dentin as a control. METHODS: Exposed flat dentin of extracted third molars was only ground with 600-grit SiC paper/1 minute (normal dentin - N), or subsequently eroded by a regular-cola soft-drink (eroded dentin - E). N and E were acid-etched, washed, dried and rehydrated with 1.5 μL, respectively, of distillated water (control - NC / EC); of 0.004% CHX (N0.004% / E0.004%); or of 2% CHX (N2% / E2%). Adper Single Bond 2 was applied in all specimens and resin composite buildups were constructed with Filtek Z350. Specimens were sectioned in beams, which were tested (μTBS) immediately or after 6 months of aging. RESULTS: Microtensile bond strength to eroded dentin was always significantly lower than that to normal dentin. Application of tested CHX solutions did not exert a significant effect immediately; however, after aging, the 2% CHX prevented abrupt bond strength loss both to eroded and normal dentin.Acceso restringido temporalmente
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A 12-month clinical trial examining the effects of a surface sealant on Class I composite resin restorations.(Chicago, Academy of General Dentistry, 2016-03)A split-mouth, double-blind trial evaluated the effects of a surface sealant on the clinical performance of Class I composite resin restorations. In 16 patients, 27 pairs of maxillary and mandibular molars or premolars with Class I carious lesions or unsatisfactory restorations were restored with composite resin. For each pair, 1 surface was sealed with surface sealant. Clinical evaluations of marginal integrity, marginal discoloration, anatomical form, and secondary caries were performed by 2 experienced operators using modified US Public Health Service criteria 1-2 weeks and 6 and 12 months after treatment. Data were analyzed with the McNemar test (P < 0.05). After 6 months, only 1 (4%) sealed restoration presented a Bravo rating for marginal integrity. After 12 months, the Bravo ratings for marginal integrity were 2 (7%) for sealed restorations and 1 (4%) for nonsealed restorations. Restorations received a score of Alfa for all other parameters at all time periods. There were no statistically significant differences within or between the sealed and nonsealed groups (P = 1.0). The use of a surface sealant did not improve the clinical performance of posterior composite resin Class I restorations.Acceso restringido temporalmente
