The objective of this study is to analyze the evidence of validity, factorial invariance, and reliability of the Emotional Fatigue Scale in Peruvian university professors. Instrumental and cross-sectional design research was carried out, with the participation of 604 Peruvian university professors from the three regions of the country (Coast, Highlands, and Jungle) and with ages ranging from 21 to 65 years (M = 44.27 and SD = 9.15), who were selected with the intentional non-probabilistic sampling method. The descriptive analyses of the items were adequate and the polychoric correlation matrix with which the confirmatory factor analysis was performed was adequate. The results show a one-dimensional structure of 9 items, because item 10 had to be eliminated [χ2(27) = 98.7, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.067 y SRMR = 0.029]. The resulting factor loads are between 0.57 and 0.93 and the internal consistency is adequate (ω = 0.95). It was also found that the scale presents evidence of invariance according to sex, age, and working hours and of convergent validity with the scales of psychological distress (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and life satisfaction (r = −0.46, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the ECE-PU is a brief measure that has adequate psychometric properties and is useful to assess emotional exhaustion in Peruvian university professors.

Digital transformation has profoundly impacted engineering education, demanding new pedagogical approaches that ensure effective and sustainable learning. Educational psychology plays a fundamental role in strategically integrating educational technologies, fostering more inclusive, interactive, and efficient learning environments. This article explores the intersection of technological innovation, engineering education, and educational psychology, analyzing how digital tools such as Artificial Intelligence, virtual reality, gamification, and remote laboratories can optimize the teaching–learning process. It also examines the psychopedagogical impact of these technologies, addressing challenges like cognitive load, student motivation, digital accessibility, and emotional well-being. Finally, the article presents guidelines for sustainable implementation aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), promoting efficient, equitable, and student-centered education. As a theoretical and exploratory study, it also points to directions for future empirical investigations and practical applications. The insights provided offer strategic guidance for academic managers and educational policymakers seeking to implement sustainable, inclusive, and pedagogically effective digital innovation in engineering education.

This research aims to analyze the validity, reliability and invariance of the AFA-R in university students. A total of 442 university students participated, ranging in age from 18 to 57 years (M = 23,9, SD = 6,29); 280 women (63,3%) y 162 men (36,7%), who responded to the Family and Friends Social Support Scale (AFA-R) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), factorial invariance according to the sex and the validity based on the relationship with other variables were conducted, along with a Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results indicated that the original two-factor model of the AFA-R demonstrated adequate fit indices (χ2 = 211.97; gl = 74; CFI =.96; TLI =.95; RMSEA =.074 [IC90% .063-.086]; SRMR =.039). Futhermore, the scale’s dimensions showed adequate reliability indices. Additionally, the factorial structure of the scale provided evidence of strict invariance according to participants’ sex. Similarly, the AFA-R scale demosntrated validity evidence based on its relationship with other constructs through its association with the MSPSS. In conclusion, the findings revealed an adequate internal structure of the AFA-R in the student population, which is invariant when considering two factors, with good internal consistency. Therefore, the AFA-R scale is a promising instrument for measuring family and peer support in the Peruvian context.

Loneliness and depression are the most prevalent mental health issues among older adults, and their relationship has been documented in studies using reflective psychopathological models based on the total scores. However, mental health problems should be investigated at the level of individual symptoms in order to develop intervention strategies aimed at mitigating the adverse impact of both variables. The goal was to examine the extent to which symptoms of loneliness relate to symptoms of depression in elderly Peruvians using the network method in 328 Peruvian adults with an average age of 68.44 years (SD = 7.64). The participants were selected through non-probability convenience sampling, which may limit the generalizability of the results. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale were used in this study. Network analysis was used to identify central and bridging symptoms within the network of loneliness and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the invariance in symptom networks between men and women was estimated. The results indicated that ‘feeling excluded’ was the most central symptom. Furthermore, the symptoms ‘feeling excluded’ and ‘anhedonia’ have the strongest relationship and can be considered as bridge symptoms between loneliness and depressive disorders. Symptom networks were invariant between men and women (M =.26; p =.42; S =.09; p =.38). In conclusion, the network structure provides valuable insights into the relationship between the symptoms of loneliness and depression in older Peruvian adults. The results suggest that the symptoms ‘feeling excluded’ and ‘anhedonia’ could serve as potential targets for psychological interventions aimed at efficiently reducing loneliness and depression.

The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors that predict the presence of symptoms of Eating Disorders (ED) in a group of 218 female adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years (M = 15, SD = 1.33), all of them students of a public educational institution in Metropolitan Lima. For this purpose, two measurement tools were used: Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI-3). For the predictive analysis, a multiple linear regression analysis and a correlational analysis were performed through the Shapiro Wilk test, where it was found that there are 3 factors that predict future ED to a greater extent, within these are the Obsession with thinness (DT), Bulimic behaviors (B) and Asceticism (AS), while those that predict to a lesser extent the appearance of the condition are Fear of maturity (FM) and Emotional maladjustment (EM). These factors are related to characteristics specific to the developmental age of adolescents and the challenges they face at a social and personal level during this stage.

The coronavirus pandemic posed a major challenge to mental health. Existing evidence shows that COVID-19 is related to poor emotional well-being, particularly among women. However, most work on the subject uses single-country samples, limiting the ability to generalize the disparity or explain it as a function of societal variables. The present study investigates the expression of positive and negative emotions during the pandemic as a function of gender and across 24 countries (N = 49,637). Strong gender differences emerged across countries, with women reporting more negative emotions (anxious, depressed, nervous, exhausted) and less positive emotions (calm, content, relaxed, energetic) than men. The gender gap in positive emotions was significantly wider in countries higher in individualism and narrower in countries higher in power distance. For instance, differences in emotions were larger in Western countries high in individualism, such as the USA, the UK, Italy, and France, and smaller in countries with higher collectivism and power distance, such as China, Malaysia, and South Korea, with a few exceptions like Japan and Brazil. These gender differences across countries were not explained by country-level gender inequalities indicators (GGGI and GII). Interestingly, the national severity of the pandemic, an epidemiological factor, reduced gender differences in positive emotions. These results underscore the importance of considering cultural and national factors when assessing gender differences in well-being.

Background: Depression and anxiety are two of the most prevalent and disabling mental disorders worldwide, both in the general population and in outpatient clinical settings. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) based on network analysis metrics. Methods: A total of 911 Paraguayans (23.71% women and 76.29% men; mean age 31.25 years, SD = 10.63), selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, participated in the study. Network analysis was used to evaluate the internal structure, reliability, and measurement invariance between men and women. Results: The results revealed that the PHQ-4 is a unidimensional measure through Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). Reliability, through structural consistency, identified that 100% of the time, only a single dimension was obtained, and all items remained stable, as they were always replicated within the empirical dimension. The unidimensional structure has shown evidence of configural invariance; therefore, the network structure functioned equally among the different sex groups. Conclusion: The PHQ-4 presented optimal preliminary evidence of validity based on its internal structure, reliability, and invariance between sexes. Therefore, it may be useful as an accurate and brief measure of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the Paraguayan context.

La empatía es conceptualizada como la conciencia de las emociones y cogniciones de los demás y resulta importante en el contexto escolar para el favorecimiento de la convivencia y prevención de conductas agresivas. En ese sentido, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las evidencias de validez, fiabilidad e invarianza factorial de una escala breve de empatía básica (BES) en niños peruanos. Por ende, participaron 838 niños y niñas entre 8 y 12 años de edad (M = 9.95; DE = 1.13) de seis instituciones educativas, algunos colegios fueron utilizados para el análisis exploratorio y otros para confirmar. Se administró la BES que fue adaptada para niños (BES-I). Respecto al análisis de datos, se efectuó un análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y confirmatorio (AFC), además del análisis de invarianza factorial, para finalmente examinar la fiabilidad mediante el coeficiente omega (ω). Los resultados del AFE sugieren una medida bidimensional oblicua (cognitivo y afectivo). Del mismo modo, el AFC reafirmó estos resultados por presentar buenas bondades de ajuste (CFI ≥ .97, RMSEA ≤ .04); estos hallazgos son coherentes con los postulados teóricos que sugieren que la empatía es un constructo compuesto por factores específicos y no por un solo factor.

There are many studies on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic performance; however, there has not been a moderation analysis performed on the impact of carelessness/insufficient effort (C/IE) on the relationship between academic self-efficacy and perceived academic performance. A total of 731 adolescents school children (Lima, Peru) from a public educational institution participated. Two moderators were used, namely the sex and age of participants, and a sensitivity analysis was performed using both clean and dirty C/IE data. The prevalence of C/IE was 14.3% of the possible cases. The interaction between self-efficacy and age was affected, while the main effect of self-efficacy remained strong. It is concluded that the effect of moderators changes only slightly when their effect size is not weak.

The invariance of the Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale (PCIBS) was evaluated in 12 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). A total of 5183 people from the aforementioned countries participated, selected using the snowball sampling method. Measurement invariance was assessed by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) and Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment (CFA-MIAL). In addition, item characteristics were assessed based on Item Response Theory. The results indicate that the original five-item version of the PCIBS is not adequate; whereas a four-item version of the PCIBS (PCIBS-4) showed a good fit in all countries. Thus, using the MG-CFA method, the PCIBS-4 achieved metric invariance, while the CFA-MIAL method indicated that the PCIBS-4 shows metric and scalar invariance. Likewise, the four items present increasing difficulties and high values in the discrimination parameters. The comparison of means of the PCIBS-4 reported irrelevant differences between countries; however, Mexico and Peru presented the highest frequency of preventive behaviors related to COVID-19. The PCIBS-4 is a unidimensional self-report measure which is reliable and invariant across the twelve participating Latin American countries.