• Responding to old problems in the Dutch work addiction scale: a psychometric approach in a Peruvian sample

  Salas-Blas, Edwin; Vallejos-Flores, Miguel; Calderón-De la Cruz, Gustavo; Manzanares-Medina, Eduardo; Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo; Mayo-Puchoc, Nikol; Copez-Lonzoy, Anthony (BioMed Central Ltd, 2025-12-01)

  Background: Harmful work patterns have become a public health problem. These conditions are worrying since they can have an impact on mental health, social conflicts, and physical difficulties due to their normalization of pathological behaviors related to work addiction. Aims: (1) determine the psychometric properties and reliability of the DUWAS and (2) evaluate valid comparisons at the construct level. Methods: The Spanish version of DUWAS was used. For the evaluation of the psychometric model, 446 Peruvian workers responded to the Spanish version (60.5% women aged 18 to 65, M = 35.1 SD = 12.45). Results: The unidimensional version was confirmed (x2 = 67.495(14); CFI = 0.96; TLI = 0.95; SRMR = 0.050 and RMSEA = 0.069). The reliability was acceptable (α = 0.735; 95% CI: 0.706 − 0.762; ω = 0.741; 95% CI: 0.712 − 0.767) and measurement invariance was confirmed for sex and age groups. Concurrent validity was mostly identified with mental health indicators. Conclusion: This study provides new information on dimensionality and the realization of valid comparisons that allow its use in Spanish-speaking workers.

  Acceso abierto
• Business Process Model Re-Design with A Data-Based Green Lean Management Approach with OEEM: A Case of Plastic Product Manufacturing Firm

  Calderon, Joe; Cuellar, Mirco; Yildiz, Orkun; Aranda, Duilio; Alvarez, José C. (Seventh Sense Research Group, 2025-03-01)

  This study addresses the growing need for sustainable practices in the manufacturing industry, driven by increased awareness of environmental impacts and regulatory pressure to reduce emissions. It explores the application of the Overall Equipment Effectiveness Method (OEEM) within the framework of Green Lean Management, emphasizing a data-driven approach to sustainable business process optimization. Despite the rising interest in OEEM, research on its implementation remains scarce, particularly regarding the barriers hindering its adoption. This article identifies and categorizes these barriers through a literature review and principal component analysis using a case study from the plastic manufacturing sector. The findings demonstrate how strategic OEEM implementation, supported by Lean Management tools (5S, TPM, SMED), can enhance machine efficiency, as evidenced by a 7.72% increase in availability and a 7.51% improvement in performance. The reduction in setup times from 248 to 117.5 minutes further underscores the effectiveness of this approach. This research provides critical insights for policymakers and industry leaders, promoting the adoption of OEEM to align economic development with environmental sustainability.
• Policarpa by María Ospina Pizano: Instrumentalization of Bodies in Capitalism

  Leonardo-Loayza, Richard (Universidad de Antioquia, 2025-01-01)

  The article analyzes the relationship between the body, capitalism and reification or objectification in Policarpa, a story that is part of the collection Azares del cuerpo [Variations on the body] (2017) by María Ospina Pizano. It argues that the narrative illustrates a series of mechanisms used by capitalism to instrumentalize individuals within the framework of capital, including reification or objectification, that is, stripping people of their personhood and turning them into objects or things. To this end, capitalism reduces individuals to bodies. In Policarpa, the story narrates the case of a reinserted female guerrilla who is exposed to this process not only by the system, but also by a publisher who wants to publish the testimony of her escape. The story also highlights the protagonist’s resistance against such mechanisms.

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• Design of a Crowdlending System for SMEs Based on Smart Contract in Metropolitan Lima

  Campos, Alvaro Fernando Cabrera; Cortés, Fabriccio Manuel Tornero; Durango, Daniel Burga; Saenz, Carlos Alberto Tello (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025-01-01)

  Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for economic growth and job creation, especially in developing economies. In Metropolitan Lima, SMEs face obstacles in accessing traditional financing due to stringent requirements, lengthy processes, and high interest rates. To address this, we propose a blockchain-based crowdlending system using smart contracts to facilitate secure, transparent, and efficient financing for SMEs. This system eliminates intermediaries and inefficiencies of traditional banking, allowing SMEs to access capital from a wider pool of investors on more favorable terms. Smart contracts automate and streamline the lending process, ensuring transaction transparency and immutability, which fosters trust among borrowers, lenders, and stakeholders. The decentralized nature of blockchain reduces transaction costs and simplifies processes. Our extensive user validation with SMEs and potential investors in Metropolitan Lima showed a 99% compliance rate on key indicators, including transaction completion, user satisfaction, and perceived security. This innovative system has the potential to transform SME financing in Metropolitan Lima, empowering SMEs to drive economic growth, create jobs, and foster a more inclusive financial ecosystem.
• THE LOGIC OF SUSPENSE AND THE UNTHINKABLE IN SANGAMA (1942) BY ARTURO HERNANDEZ

  Salas, Eduardo Avalos; García, Andrea Cabel; Colón, Marcos (Asociacion Peruana de Retorica, 2025-02-15)

  Sangama (1942) by the author Arturo Hernández is one of the first novels of the thematic renewal of fiction about Amazonia. This article analyzes the novel from two points: first, the formal arrangement of the work will be studied from the narratology to demonstrate that this is not a merely descriptive novel as pointed out by literary critics. Thus, the novel would be arranged by what we have called «logic of narrative suspense» in which the narrative and discursive planes demonstrate an artificial plot that preserves the intrigue. Second, we will analyze Tula from postcolonial theory. We argue that she is an «unthinkable» subject, as Michel Trouillot has theorized, since she encourages suspense in the work and thus allows us to understand it. We argue that this novel proposes the opposite of what literary-critical studies have affirmed: Sangama is complex both in its form and in its characters, since in both cases it exceeds the traditional frameworks of representation.

  Acceso abierto
• Smart Chatbot for the Optimization of the Use of Natural Resources in Agricultural Production

  Silva, Jefferson; Ronceros, Carlos; Mansilla-Lopez, Juan (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025-01-01)

  Agriculture is the main activity by which most Peruvians in rural areas manage to subsist. Making the proper use of natural resources such as water, land or climate in agricultural production can generate greater profitability by reducing costs and increasing units of agricultural products, but currently farmers get this information through family, friends, or through platforms such as Google or Youtube. The present study was developed with the objective of providing assistance focused on the optimization of natural resources through a conversational flow provided by the chatbot mobile application “AIgrary”, which can be used in rural coastal areas of Lima. It is designed for Android devices and uses Dialogflow platforms for conversational flow interaction with the user through Nat- ural Language Processing, and uses Firebase for hosting user accounts. For the validation of this Chatbot, a presentation of the mobile application was made to 10 participating farmers from the province of Huaral in Lima, to then request the completion of surveys to measure User Satisfaction and Usability of the System. In addition, search times of “AIgrary” were compared with platforms such as Google and Youtube. The results within the surveys show a 94.6% of User Satisfaction and 96.0% of System Usability, and the response search time in “AIgrary” was only 1 s.
• Network Emulator Based on Openstack for the Implementation of a Virtual Data Network Laboratory in Higher Education Institutions

  Terrel-Villanueva, Vasty; Burga-Durango, Daniel; Tello-Saenz, Carlos (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025-01-01)

  Nowadays, networks are indispensable tools for the development of new technologies such as cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, among others. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new tools that allow improving the understanding and practical skills of students in the field of networks. This document presents a web application based on OpenStack, which allows for the emulation of physical network laboratories through the virtualization of components, as it partitions physical resources to provide access to more users. For this, some Openstack services were used in conjunction with VirtualBox. Additionally, validation was conducted through end users, and the results obtained showed that 94% of expert teachers and 95.8% of surveyed students highlighted the utility of the application, while 78% of teachers and 91.5% of surveyed students emphasized the usability of the developed application. These results demonstrate the potential of the application to be implemented in a virtual laboratory of a networking course and take advantage of the available technological resources.
• Automated System for Improving Audit Data Processing Through DAMA-DMBOK Best Practices and Low-Code

  Yen, Armando Ruiz; Kapustin, Celso Valdes; Burga-Durango, Daniel; Tello-Saenz, Carlos Alberto (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025-01-01)

  In the context of financial auditing, the efficient retrieval of accurate data, minimization of reprocessing efforts, mitigation of inherent risks in data processing, and improvement of information quality represent crucial objectives. In this regard, we present an automated system designed to optimize data processing in auditing. This system provides an automated assessment of the six data quality dimensions according to the DAMA model: completeness, reasonability, accuracy, uniqueness, validity, and consistency. This process is essential to determine whether data sources meet the necessary standards for use in various analytical processes. The tool was validated in the Wholesale Banking Management of Banco de Crédito del Perú, where it successfully analyzed 100% of data sources in the commercial credit audit, reducing the processing time of each source by 10 times. These results confirm that our software significantly contributes to improving data processing in the field of financial auditing. This system has proven to be effective and reliable in enhancing the overall efficiency and accuracy of financial audits.
• The case of Sydney universities: Embracing multilingualism or preserving English-only practices in the Australian context?

  Arellano, Rodrigo; Torres-Vásquez, Luis (John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2025-01-01)

  Within the study of multilingualism, research using the lens of “linguistic landscapes” (LL) has caught the attention of sociolinguists by describing the make-up of urban centers and shedding light on issues of social justice and linguistic harmony. The current study aimed to determine if the language used in the public domain in the university context endorses a monolingual mindset, or whether it promotes multilingual ideologies. To accomplish this goal, photographic data was collected by exploring the physical campuses of two Australian universities in Sydney. By using discursive analysis in the context of LL methodologies, the following categories emerged from the data: (1) omnipresence of monolingual signage, (2) relatively high frequency of Asian languages and Arabic, (3) Westernization and/or commodification of Indigenous languages, (4) symbolic use of university space, (5) differences between top-down and bottom-up messages, and (6) display of information about health issues. These findings suggest the pervasiveness of a monolingual mindset in university campuses in Sydney, despite nascent attempts to incorporate messages in languages other than English in the public domain.
• Representation of the Spanish language in the virtual linguistic landscape of university websites in Australia

  Torres-Vásquez, Luis; Arellano, Rodrigo (John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2025-01-01)

  Although it can be argued that the language of the internet is English, the portrayal of other languages in virtual academic settings such as university websites may face constraints related to institutional and monolingual policies. Thus, this research adopts a linguistic landscape perspective to explore the representation of the Spanish language and culture in Australian university websites. In particular, it focuses on how Spanish language/studies programs or courses are portrayed and what meanings are conveyed in the virtual linguistic landscape of four Sydney universities. This paper applies a social-semiotic, multimodal analysis to explore the hierarchical organization of information on universities’ websites and webpages and the meanings conveyed by the designers in relation to the semiotic resources selected to promote Spanish language/studies programs or courses. The study concludes that only two of the studied webpages attempt to portray Spanish language/studies programs or courses fully multimodally, one uses text and video, and the last relies solely on written text to convey meanings. These choices may have ideological implications because these institutions fail in their attempt to represent Spanish as a pluricentric language. Additionally, these programs/courses are disadvantageously positioned in the hierarchical organization of information on the four analyzed websites, which makes it harder for potential students to find relevant content about these programs/courses.
• Designing a sustainable performance measurement system for an agri-food supply chain through supply chain agility based on digital technologies

  Ramos, Edgar; Chavez Grados, Melissa Andrea; Govindan, Kannan; Gamarra Gomez, Kiara Elizabeth; Gavirneni, Nagesh (Emerald Publishing, 2025-01-01)

  Purpose: This research aims to identify and model metrics and sub-metrics that enhance sustainable performance measurement in agri-food supply chains. Design/methodology/approach: The study evaluates five key metrics and 18 sub-metrics critical to this industry, establishing interrelationships among them to ensure a successful sustainable performance measurement system. The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory technique was employed, integrated with fuzzy theory and expert opinions. Findings: The findings suggest that metrics like information technology and organizational productivity, alongside the sub-metric of information integration, significantly contribute to sustainable supply chain performance. Originality/value: This study proposes a performance measurement system that enables organizations to achieve optimal performance levels through a sustainable supply chain (SCC) and supply chain agility (SCA) framework, supported by digital technologies.
• Nationalism and referee appointments: Pan American Games Lima 2019

  Boris, Jorge Illa (Universidad de Murcia, 2025-01-01)

  The purpose of this article was to analyze the importance of nationality in arbitration appointments, in specific, to understand if nationalism is above other more technical aspects of regulation. From eleven sports selected, 772 sport events have been analyzed during the Lima 2019 Pan American Games. The results have been compared with the sports regulations and with direct communications with international federations. It has been observed that despite focusing arbitration nationalism in the regulation in several ways, some of them are focused on specifics, others more general and some based on recommendations, all sports consider nationalism as the primary aspect when choosing referees.
• BLOCKSAGE: Blockchain-Based Cloud Architecture for Sensitive Data Management in SMEs

  Ascue, Olga; Valle, Omar; Santisteban, José (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025-02-01)

  Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face significant challenges from security breaches, which can jeopardize their operational sustainability. This study presents the BLOCKSAGE SME system, a model designed to enhance the security of sensitive data storage and transfer. The system integrates customizable cloud infrastructure, private blockchain networks, Zero Trust architecture, a scalable API, and IPFS encryption, ensuring data privacy and business continuity. Based on a comprehensive literature review of blockchain-based solutions for SMEs, a web-based file-sharing prototype was developed and tested to validate the framework. The system was then evaluated through expert judgment and feedback from SME leaders. The results showed a satisfaction score of 4.06 from cybersecurity and blockchain specialists and 4.2 from the target SME audience on a Likert scale, indicating the system’s feasibility and effectiveness. While the system provides robust security measures, adoption challenges were identified, including the early-stage maturity of blockchain technology and cultural and workforce-related barriers within the Peruvian SME ecosystem. In conclusion, the findings suggest that blockchain-based architectures hold strong potential for addressing security gaps in SMEs, but implementation faces current limitations in resources and knowledge. Future research should explore adapting the system as a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solution to improve scalability and accessibility, further supporting the sustainability of SMEs.

  Acceso abierto
• LONELINESS AND PHUBBING IN PERUVIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF THE FEAR OF MISSING OUT

  Correa-Rojas, Jossué; Grimaldo, Mirian; Janer-Hidalgo, Angela (Instituto de Investigacion de Drogodependencias, 2025-01-01)

  Introduction: The main objective of the present research was to determine the effect of loneliness on Phubbing when Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) mediates this relationship. Method: The design is explanatory of latent variables, and three scales (Loneliness Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Phubbing Scale) were applied to a sample of 405 university students from two private universities in Metropolitan Lima. Results: It was found that there is an indirect, statistically significant effect of loneliness on Phubbing, through FoMO. Also, the total effect of the model was statistically significant. Furthermore, the independent variable (loneliness) significantly explains FoMO, and the mediating variable (FoMO) predicts Phubbing. Conclusions: Loneliness has an indirect effect on Phubbing through FoMO, implying that loneliness does not directly predict Phubbing, but when a person experiences fear of missing out, the effect of loneliness becomes relevant for the development of Phubbing.

  Acceso abierto
• Psychometric analysis of the innovative behavior scale in workers from Perú

  Dominguez-Lara, Sergio; Fernández-Arata, Manuel; Bárrig-Jó, Patricia; Calderón-De la Cruz, Gustavo (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 2025-01-01)

  The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Innovative Behavior Scale (IBS) among 227 Peruvian workers (51.982% male), aged between 22 and 76 years (M = 45.009; SD = 12.046). Content validity was assessed through expert judgment regarding item clarity and relevance, while internal structure was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Additionally, measurement invariance analysis was conducted across gender and job position, and reliability estimates were obtained for both direct scores (alpha coefficient) and the construct (omega coefficient). Results show the clarity and relevance of IBS items and a stronger empirical support for the unidimensional model, as well as acceptable levels of invariance across gender and job positions. Furthermore, reliability estimates were found to be satisfactory across all measures. In conclusion, the IBS demonstrates adequate psychometric properties.

  Acceso abierto
• CYP3A4*20, CYP3A4*22, CYP2C8*3 and SLCO1B1 as genetic biomarkers to predict peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel and docetaxel: A systematic review

  Alvarado, Angel T.; Bolarte-Arteaga, Mario; Pineda-Pérez, Mario; Li-Amenero, César; Chávez, Haydee; Bendezú, María R.; García, Jorge A.; Palomino-Jhong, Juan J.; Ferreyra-Paredes, Carmela; Melgar-Merino, Elizabeth J.; Laos-Anchante, Doris; Cuba-Garcia, Pompeyo A.; Castillo-Romero, Patricia; Yarasca-Carlos, Paulina Eliades; Almeida-Galindo, José Santiago; Loja-Herrera, Berta; Pariona-Llanos, Ricardo (Academic Association of Pharmaceutical Sciences from Antofagasta (ASOCIFA), 2025-05-01)

  Context: Cancer is a global health problem with a growing incidence year after year, and it is projected that by 2040, there will be more than 2.4 million cases in Latin America and the Caribbean, being the second cause of death in these countries. The variability of serum levels, efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and docetaxel have been associated with allelic variants of transporter and metabolizing proteins. Aims: To review the most updated and available scientific evidence on allelic variants of CYP3A4*20, CYP3A4*22, CYP2C8*3, and SLCO1B1 as genetic biomarkers to predict peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel and docetaxel. Methods: PRISMA was used, and a standardized search was followed in Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar with the terms: CYP3A4, CYP2C8, SLCO1B1, genetic biomarker of neuropathy and neuropathy due to paclitaxel and docetaxel. Data extraction was performed using Excel, and relevant information on allelic variants was collected as genetic biomarkers to predict peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel and docetaxel. Results: Eight studies indicate an association between the allelic variants of the study with peripheral neuropathy: CYP2C8*3 (HR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.05-3.55; p=0.006), CYP3A4*22 (p=0.043), CYP3A4*20, CYP3A4*8 and CYP3A4*27 (p=5.9 × 10-5), CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 (p=1.8 × 10-6), SLCO1B1 (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46-0.97; p=0.02), SLCO1B3 (OR: 9.44), CYP3A4 (OR: 2.259; 95% CI: 1.033-4.941; p=0.038), CYP3A4*22 (RR: 6.92; 95% CI: 0.47-99.8; p=0.0766) and CYP2C8*3/*4 (RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.96-1.67; p=0.0898). No pharmacogenetic studies were found in cancer patients in Peruvian populations. Conclusions: Based on the review of the published scientific evidence, it is concluded that the allelic variants CYP3A4*22, CYP3A4*20 and CYP2C8*3 are associated with a modest risk of peripheral neuropathy induced by paclitaxel and docetaxel, while SLCO1B1 has less evidence.
• Updates on HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Latin America: Available Drugs and Implementation Status

  Gonzales-Gavancho, Christian; Araoz-Salinas, Julieta M.; Tapia, Ruth Ramon; Quispe-Vicuña, Carlos; Reategui-Garcia, Martin E.; Rios-Garcia, Wagner; Baltodano-Calle, Maria Jose; Belanovic-Ramirez, Ivana; Ortiz-Pardo, Allison N.; Ortiz-Saavedra, Brando; Campos, Victor Y.M.; Alave, Jorge; Gonzales-Zamora, Jose A. (EDIMES Edizioni Medico Scientifiche, 2025-01-01)

  Latin America has reported a 9% increase in new HIV infections from 2010 to 2023. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a crucial biomedical intervention for preventing HIV transmission. Currently, several antiretroviral drugs, in various forms of administration, have demonstrated high efficacy and effectiveness to protect against HIV. Among the oral drugs, we have emtricitabine/te-nofovir and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, while alternative options include the dapivirine vaginal ring, injectable drugs such as Cabotegravir, and the most recently studied Lenacapavir. Despite their high efficacy and effectiveness, implementing PrEP in Latin America has been challenging throughout the region. Although some countries such as Brazil, Mexico, and Colombia have shown progress in increasing the number of users, there is a significant gap between these countries and others where PrEP access remains limited or non-existent. Barriers such as lack of awareness, inadequate funding, political instability, and outdated policies contribute to disparities in access, leaving many populations at high risk of HIV infection without this preventative measure. Innovative strategies need to be implemented to address and monitor policies that ensure access for all at-risk populations.

  Acceso abierto
• Prevalence of GSTM1*0 and CYP1A1*2A (rs4646903) variants in the central Peruvian coastal population: Pilot Study of predictive genetic biomarkers for 4P medicine

  Alvarado, Angel T.; Salazar-Granara, Alberto; Varela, Nelson; Quiñones, Luis Abel; Li-Amenero, César; Bendezú, María R.; García, Jorge A.; Surco-Laos, Felipe; Chávez, Haydee; Palomino-Jhong, Juan J.; Laos-Anchante, Doris; Melgar-Merino, Elizabeth J.; Cuba-García, Pompeyo A.; Bonifaz-Hernández, Mario; Almeida-Galindo, José Santiago; Pineda-Pérez, Mario; Bolarte-Arteaga, Mario; Pariona-Llanos, Ricardo (Pensoft Publishers, 2025-01-01)

  The CYP1A1 isoenzyme is responsible for the biotransformation of procarcinogens, such as Benzo(a)pyrene, into reactive metabolites. Meanwhile, GSTM1 facilitates the detoxification of these metabolites by conjugating them with glutathione. The presence of the CYP1A1*2A genetic variant intensifies the production of these reactive metabolites, and the deletion of the GSTM1 gene (GSTM1*0) impairs their detoxification. This enzymatic imbalance leads to the formation of DNA adducts, which are known to contribute to cancer and other diseases. Given the importance of studying these genes within the framework of 4P medicine (predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory), the primary objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of GSTM1*0 and CYP1A1*2A in the central Peruvian coastal Population as genetic biomarkers. The study included 131 individual residents of the Peruvian towns of Ica and Lima. The results showed a frequency of 0.47 for GSTM1*0 and an allele frequency of 0.68 for CYP1A1*2A. The genotype frequencies of CYP1A1*2A were 6% *1A/*1A, 53% *1A/*2A, and 41% *2A/*2A. Notably, the population sample is not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2 = 5.324) for CYP1A1. The reported frequencies of GSTM1*0 and CYP1A1*2A in this study differ from those previously documented for other Latin American and tricontinental populations, potentially reflecting the unique natural evolution and genetic admixture of the Peruvian population. The high prevalence of GSTM1*0 and CYP1A1*2A identified in populations from Ica and Lima suggests a potentially elevated risk of exposure to procarcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This finding underscores the need for further research on a larger scale to validate and expand upon these results.

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• The Role of Influencers on Young Consumer Behavior: A Systematic Review

  Barrueta-Pinto, Mark; Castillo-Ortiz, María Verónica; Chávez-Díaz, Jorge Miguel; Aquiño-Perales, Laura; Barrera-Avalos, Carmen Rosa (Redfame Publishing Inc., 2025-06-01)

  The systematic review approaches the role of influencers on young consumers. It provides clues about the consumption behavior of young people and the characteristics of influence. The methodology follows the PRISMA statement. The Scopus and Web of Science search yielded 432 articles from the last 5 years, and 29 were selected. The significant impact of influencers on young consumer behavior is highlighted, emphasizing the crucial role of social media and influencer marketing, especially influencer credibility. Key topics include the magnitude of influence on young people, the relationship between relationship strength and trust, and the perception of authenticity in collaborations with brands. Disclosure affects perception, highlighting the importance of trust and credibility in influencer marketing campaigns. Brands must carefully evaluate influencers to maintain audience trust in their publications. Future studies could evaluate whether the influence of influencers is long-term or studies with different cultural contexts or how this influence psychologically affects the mental health of young people.

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• COVID-19 as a risk factor for the development of pulmonary fibrosis in a referral hospital in Lima, Peru

  Rivero-Moreno, Yeisson; García-Gil, Vanessa; García-Nunes, Andrea; Rivas-Pérez, Miguel; Montero-Palma, Erinor; Chávez-Contreras, Andrea; Ramírez-Calderón, Gino; Martínez-Merizalde, Nelson; Gonzales-Uribe, Antony; Areyan-Gamboa, Estefhany; Morales-Cornieles, Kevin; Lezama-Graterol, Rafael (Medwave Estudios Ltda, 2025-03-01)

  INTRODUCTION The emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has passed, but we must study the potential sequelae left in the population. Cases of pulmonary fibrosis have been reported after severe COVID-19. However, the association between these factors has not been widely studied in Latin American countries, one of the regions most affected by the pandemic. METHODS A case-control study was conducted to determine whether a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19 is a risk factor for developing pulmonary fibrosis. We compared patients with a radiological diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis on high-resolution computed tomography (cases) with those without such findings (controls), conducted between March 2021 and June 2023 in a referral hospital in Lima, Peru. RESULTS Among the total number of patients evaluated, the median age was 72 years, with a predominance of females (58.2%). 7.5% of patients with pulmonary fibrosis had a history of hospitalization due to COVID-19, compared to 6.1% in the control group (OR 1.24; 95% CI 0.65 to 2.36). The stratified analysis revealed a significant odds ratio for the group of patients with arterial hypertension (OR 5.9; 95% CI 1.28 to 27.34). The median follow-up after hospitalization for COVID-19 was 315.5 days. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalization due to COVID-19 was not a risk factor for developing pulmonary fibrosis one year after medical discharge, except in patients with hypertension. Evidence suggests that the prevalence of pulmonary fibrosis may decrease over time.

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