Traducción, adaptación cultural y validación al español del Cuestionario sobre conocimientos dietéticos en Hemodiálisis (CCDH) en pacientes de Perú

Abstract

Objective. To translate, to culturally adapt, and to validate the Hemodialysis Dietary Knowledge Questionnaire (HDKQ) into Spanish. Design. Validation study carried out in Lima, Peru. First, the translation and the retranslation were performed to obtain a Spanish version, which underwent a cultural adaptation process that included both terminology and food adaptation, following the Delphi methodology, and the understanding of the questionnaire was verified with patients on dialysis (n = 30). Subjects. We worked with a group of experts consisting of doctors, nutritionists and nurses (n = 59) and of non-experts (60), as well as of patients on dialysis (n = 60) who participated in the retest test. Intervention. The HDKQ was used, which has two subscales : complications and food. The food subscale includes four domains (phosphorus, sodium, liquid, and potassium). Main outcomes. For the construct validity we compared the differences between the expert and the non-expert group. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for reproducibility. The internal consistency was measured with Kuder Richardson (KR20). Results. A Spanish version of the HDKQ was culturally adapted to Peruvian reality. The expert group had a higher score than the non-expert group at the global level on subscales and food (p<0.001). The HDKQ had a good internal consistency (KR20> 0.80) and good reproducibility (CCI> 80) both globally as well as according to subscales. Conclusions. A Spanish version of the HDKQ was generated, culturally adapted to Peruvian reality, which is valid and reliable. Its use is recommended to measure knowledge on complications and dietary restrictions.