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Factores de riesgo para el neonato pequeño para la edad gestacional en un hospital de Lima

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Authors
Tejeda Mariaca, J. Eduardo
Pizango Mallqui, Orion
Alburquerque Duglio, Miguel
Mayta-Tristan, Percy
Issue Date
2015-11-24
Keywords
Recién nacido pequeño para edad gestacional
Atención prenatal
Paridad
Embarazo
Índice de masa corporal
Infant
Small for gestational age
Prenatal care
Parity
Pregnancy
Body mass index
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Other Titles
Risk factors of small for gestational age neonates in a hospital of Lima, Peru
Citation
Tejeda-Mariaca J. Eduardo, Pizango-Mallqui Orion, Alburquerque-Duglio Miguel, Mayta-Tristán Percy. Factores de riesgo para el neonato pequeño para la edad gestacional en un hospital de Lima, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2015 Set [citado 2015 Nov 24] ; 32( 3 ): 449-456. Disponível em: http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726-46342015000300006&lng=pt.
Publisher
Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS)
Journal
Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública (Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica)
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10757/582632
Additional Links
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1726-46342015000300006&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=es
Abstract
Objetivos. Identificar factores de riesgo para neonatos a término pequeños para la edad gestacional. Materiales y métodos. Cohorte retrospectiva que utilizó datos del Sistema Informático Materno Perinatal del Hospital María Auxiliadora de Lima, del período 2000 a 2010. Se evaluó la edad materna, paridad, nivel educativo, estado civil, índice de masa corporal pregestacional, número de controles prenatales, presencia de patologías como preeclampsia, eclampsia, infección urinaria y diabetes gestacional como factores de riesgo en pequeños para edad gestacional. El peso para la edad gestacional fue calculado sobre la base de percentiles peruanos. Se calcularon los riesgos relativos crudos (RR) y ajustados (RRa) con sus intervalos de confianza al 95% usando modelos lineales generalizados log binomial. Resultados. Se incluyeron 64 670 gestantes. La incidencia de pequeños para la edad gestacional fue 7,2%. La preeclampsia (RRa 2,0; IC 95%: 1,86-2,15), eclampsia (RRa 3,22; IC 95%: 2,38-4,35), bajo peso materno (RRa 1,38; IC 95%: 1,23-1,54), nuliparidad (RRa 1,32; IC 95%: 1,23-1,42), edad ≥35 años (RRa 1,16; IC 95%: 1,04-1,29), tener controles prenatales de 0 a 2 (RRa 1,43; IC 95%: 1,32-1,55) y 3 a 5 (RRa 1,22; IC 95%: 1,14-1,32) fueron factores de riesgo para ser pequeños para la edad gestacional. Conclusiones. Es necesario identificar a las gestantes con factores de riesgo como los encontrados para disminuir la condición de pequeños para la edad gestacional. Se debe actuar poniendo énfasis en factores modificables, tales como la frecuencia de sus controles prenatales
Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Language
spa
Description
Objectives. Identify risk factors for at-term small for gestational age newborns. Materials and methods. Retrospective cohort study using data from the Maternal Perinatal Information System of the Maria Auxiliadora Hospital of Lima, from the period 2000-2010. Maternal age, parity, education level, marital status, pregestational body mass index, number of prenatal care visits, presence of conditions such as preeclampsia, eclampsia, urinary tract infection and gestational diabetes as risk factors in small for gestational age newborns were evaluated. The weight for gestational age was calculated based on Peruvian percentiles. Crude relative risk (RR) and adjusted (ARR) were calculated with confidence intervals of 95% using log-binomial generalized linear models. Results. 64,670 pregnant women were included. The incidence for small for gestational age was 7.2%. Preeclampsia (ARR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.86 to 2.15), eclampsia (ARR 3.22, 95% CI: 2.38 to 4.35), low maternal weight (ARR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.54), nulliparity (ARR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.42), age ≥35 years (ARR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04 -1.29), having prenatal care visits from 0 to 2 (ARR 1.43, 95% CI: 1.32 to 1.55) and 3 to 5 (ARR 1.22, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.32) were risk factors for small for gestational age. Conclusions. It is necessary to identify pregnant women with risk factors such as those found to decrease the condition of small for gestational age. Actions should emphasize modifiable factors, such as the frequency of prenatal care visits.
ISSN
1726-4634
Collections
Medicina

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