Facultad de Economíahttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/6212172024-03-28T15:19:37Z2024-03-28T15:19:37ZAssociation between complete vaccination and anemia in children under 5 years of age, in Peru, in the years 2019 to 2021Cabada-Yépez, HelenaBlancas-Cabada, SebastiánAparco, Juan Pablohttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/6690592023-10-23T05:00:56Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZAssociation between complete vaccination and anemia in children under 5 years of age, in Peru, in the years 2019 to 2021
Cabada-Yépez, Helena; Blancas-Cabada, Sebastián; Aparco, Juan Pablo
The present study consists of observing the relationship between immunizations and anemia in children under 5 years of age. Anemia is a public health problem worldwide and Latin America is no exception. Particularly, for the Peruvian case, approximately one third of children under 5 years of age present this disease. The consequences vary depending on the degree of anemia that occurs; Mild anemia being the most common case among minors. In order to combat anemia, the Peruvian Ministry of Health proposes various actions, including vaccination against rotavirus and pneumococcus as some of them. From this perspective, the question arises if there is a relationship between immunization and anemia. For this, taking information from the Demographic Survey of Family Health (ENDES), estimates are made regarding the possession and level of anemia in children under 5 years of age, taking as the main variable that children are up to date with their vaccinations, according to their age in months. Vaccination is based on Ministerial Resolution No. 719-2018/MINSA and the study period is from 2019 to 2021, considering the year in which the pandemic began. It can be seen that in 2019, the magnitude of complete immunization, both individually and collectively, is greater than in subsequent years. From this premise the main conclusion can be drawn, which indicates that there is an inverse association between complete immunization and the tenure of anemia in children under 5 years of age.
2023-01-01T00:00:00ZCooperativismo y su impacto en el rendimiento agropecuario localParedes Díaz, CarlosMoreno Huaccha, Kenjihttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/6262142019-08-30T07:35:51Z2019-08-01T00:00:00ZCooperativismo y su impacto en el rendimiento agropecuario local
Paredes Díaz, Carlos; Moreno Huaccha, Kenji
Este documento examina el impacto de la membresía cooperativa agropecuaria sobre los rendimientos financiero y productivo en los años 2015 y 2016. Empleamos los modelos Propensity Score Matching y Pooled OLS sobre los datos del Censo de Cooperativas y de la Encuesta Nacional Agropecuaria. Nuestro análisis revela que la membresía cooperativa afecta positivamente los rendimientos en los sectores agrario y agropecuario, pero no en el sector pecuario. Dicho impacto supera los impactos estimados para otras formas de asociatividad. Asimismo, se encuentra un efecto spillover positivo de una localidad con alta presencia cooperativa sobre localidades aledañas. Finalmente, se descubre que la participación femenina en directorios cooperativos agropecuarios también influye positivamente sobre los rendimientos de los productores agropecuarios.; This research examines the impact of agricultural cooperative membership on financial and productive performance in 2015 and 2016. We use the Propensity Score Matching and Pooled OLS models on the data from the Cooperative Census and the National Agricultural Survey. Our analysis reveals that cooperative membership positively affects yields in the agrarian and agricultural sectors, but not in the livestock sector. This impact exceeds the estimated impacts for other types of associativity. Likewise, there is a positive spillover effect of a locality with high cooperative presence over nearby localities yields. Finally, it is discovered that the participation of women in agricultural cooperative directories also positively influences the yields of agricultural producers.
La presente investigación, ganadora del Concurso Anual de Investigación CIES 2018, cuenta con el auspicio de Global Affairs Canada (GAC), el Centro Internacional de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo (IDRC, por sus siglas en inglés), la Fundación Manuel J. Bustamante De la Fuente y la Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria (SUNAT).
2019-08-01T00:00:00ZSocial license to operate in the mining industry: the case of PeruSícoli Pósleman, ClaudiaSallan, Jose M.http://hdl.handle.net/10757/6252922019-11-18T20:09:27Z2019-03-15T00:00:00ZSocial license to operate in the mining industry: the case of Peru
Sícoli Pósleman, Claudia; Sallan, Jose M.
Mining is an important industry in Peru, but local communities where mining takes place do not perceive its benefits. Mining corporations need to achieve legitimacy within these communities. The main objective of this study is to identify the factors that determine the provision of social licenses to operate in Peru’s mining regions. We conducted this research using a case study of two Peruvian mining companies. Our study concludes with the identification of four essential factors needed to achieve a social license to operate within these communities: a deep understanding of the socioeconomic environment, a strong commitment to the community, an active presence of Government, and effective communication between the actors involved in mining activities. The combination of these elements can result in improved trust levels between companies and society, enabling all agents to recognize the costs and benefits resulting from mining.
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.
2019-03-15T00:00:00ZAn empirical application of a stochastic volatility model with GH skew Student's t -distribution to the volatility of Latin-American stock returnsLengua Lafosse, PatriciaRodríguez, Gabrielhttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/6246142019-08-30T08:19:38Z2018-08-01T00:00:00ZAn empirical application of a stochastic volatility model with GH skew Student's t -distribution to the volatility of Latin-American stock returns
Lengua Lafosse, Patricia; Rodríguez, Gabriel
Using daily stocks returns data of a set of Latin-American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru) for the sample period 1996:01–2013:12, we estimate a stochastic volatility model incorporating both leverage effects and skewed heavy-tailed disturbances through of the GH Skew Student's t-distribution based on Bayesian estimation method proposed by Nakajima and Omori (2012). Two alternative models are estimated, one using an alternative Skew Student's t-distribution and the other using a symmetric Student's t-distribution. The results suggest the presence of leverage effects in all markets except for Peru where the evidence is unclear. In addition, there is evidence of asymmetries and heavy tails in the Argentina and S&P500 markets while in the other countries there is no robust evidence of such characteristics. Using the Bayes factor, the results indicate that the SVGHSkewt model dominates the other two models for the cases of Peru, Argentina, Brazil and S&P500 whereas the simple SVt model is preferred for the markets of Mexico and Chile. Similar findings are obtained after performing a robustness analysis regarding the priors of the parameters associated with the skewness and the tails of the distribution.
El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado
2018-08-01T00:00:00ZTracking Exchange Rate Management in Latin AmericaCarrera, Césarhttp://hdl.handle.net/10757/3468432019-08-30T08:15:13Z2015-03-18T00:00:00ZTracking Exchange Rate Management in Latin America
Carrera, César
The exchange rate is one of the most important prices in any open economy. Tracking deviations from its long-run value may provide important information for policymakers. One way to track such deviations is to examine numerical patterns in exchange rates to see if the patterns appear to have been subject to some degree of policy management. Following this approach, we use Benford’s Law as our base case for free-floating exchange rates. Benford’s Law argues that the frequence of the appearance of numerals finds 1’s more frequent, than 2’s, than 3’s, etc., and this established statistical patterns has been verified and used in research tests in many scientific fields. We apply our forensic approach to exchange rates, computing the distribution of exchange-rate observed values and comparing them with those of Benford’s Law. We document such cases for 15 Latin American countries. Latin American countries are small open economies that are characterized for having different degrees of dollarization and intervention in the forex market, primary based on US dollar transactions. This is an alternative view of how these characteristics play a role with respect to an implied equilibrium exchange rate.
cesar.carrera@bcrp.gob.pe
2015-03-18T00:00:00Z